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New Job Opening: Scientific Director, Division of Intramural Research -

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, seeks an accomplished, innovative neuroscientist to serve as Scientific Director of its Division of Intramural Research (DIR). The Scientific Director will build and lead a vibrant research program focused on the mechanisms and management of pain. This Scientific Director reports to the Director, NCCAM, and will also serve as a member of the NCCAM senior leadership team.

Do Americans aged 50 and older discuss the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with their health care providers? To help answer this question, AARP and NCCAM partnered on a telephone survey of over 1,000 people aged 50 and older. Just over half of those surveyed reported using complementary and alternative medicine and over a third take some type of herbal product or dietary supplement. Yet only a third of all respondents and a little over half of CAM users said they have ever discussed CAM with their health care providers. These findings highlight the need for providers to ask about CAM use at every patient visit and the need for people aged 50 and older to know that CAM use is something that is important to discuss with their conventional medical providers.

Parents want to feel confident that they are making the best health care decisions for their children. This confidence can be undermined when there is conflicting information in the media and on the Internet. Nowhere is this more prevalent than when it comes to the topic of the safety of childhood vaccines.

As a Mathematical Statistician (Biomedical Research), you will:

• Serve as an expert advisor to the NCCAM and to other governmental and non-governmental research groups in areas relating to the development and application of statistical techniques to research in the biological and medical sciences.
• Maintain current knowledge of relevant new developments in statistical research and computing.
• Take a leading role in research projects, often in collaboration with others, in the application or modifications of mathematical statistics required for data analysis or for statistical investigations.
• Provide consultation in the design and analysis of NCCAM intramural and extramural studies.

This fact sheet provides basic information about tea tree oil—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Tea tree oil comes from the leaves of the tea tree, and has been used medicinally for centuries by the aboriginal people of Australia.

What Tea Tree Oil Is Used For

• Tea tree oil is often used externally as an antibacterial or antifungal treatment.
• Tea tree oil is used for a number of conditions including acne, athlete's foot, nail fungus, wounds, and infections.
• Other applications for tea tree oil include use for lice, oral candidiasis (thrush), cold sores, dandruff, and skin lesions

Hepatitis C, a liver disease caused by a virus, is usually chronic (long-lasting), with symptoms ranging from mild (or even none) to severe. Conventional medical treatments are available for hepatitis C; however, some people also try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, especially herbal supplements. This issue summarizes the scientific research on the effectiveness and safety of selected supplements.

People with cancer want to do everything they can to combat the disease, manage its symptoms, and cope with the side effects of treatment. Many turn to complementary and alternative medicine—for example, botanical (herbal) and other dietary supplements, acupuncture, massage, and yoga.

A special analysis of 2002 NHIS data found that CAM use was more prevalent among people with a prior diagnosis of cancer. About 40 percent of cancer survivors reported using CAM; 18 percent had used multiple CAM therapies. The most popular CAM therapies among cancer survivors were herbal and other natural products (20 percent), deep breathing (14 percent), and meditation (9 percent).

According to a recent study, practicing mindfulness meditation appears to be associated with measurable changes in the brain regions involved in memory, learning, and emotion. Mindfulness meditation focuses attention on breathing to develop increased awareness of the present. Previous research has demonstrated that mindfulness mediation may reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, but little is known about its effects on the brain. The focus of the current study—published in the journal Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging—was to identify brain regions that changed in participants enrolled in an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction program.

Zinc is an important trace mineral and is second to iron in its concentration in the body. Zinc is also present in a number of products sold as natural medicines for colds. In 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration warned consumers to stop using intranasal zinc products (zinc-containing homeopathic cold remedies), because of case reports of anosmia (loss of smell).

There are many types of meditation, most of which originated in ancient religious and spiritual traditions. Mindfulness meditation focuses attention on breathing to develop increased awareness of the present. The intent is to reduce stress and control emotions in order to improve health.

According to an analysis of the 2007 National Health Interview Survey, approximately 44 percent of American adults with pain or neurological conditions, compared to about 33 percent of people without those conditions, used complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during the previous year. The analysis, published in the Journal of Neurology, also revealed that 51 percent of adults with these conditions did not talk to their health care provider about their CAM use.

Historically, cranberry fruits and leaves were used for a variety of problems, such as wounds, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems. Most notably, cranberry products have been used in the hope of preventing or treating urinary tract infections. The berries are used to produce beverages and many other food products, as well as dietary supplements in the form of extracts, capsules, or tablets.

Research has examined the use of cranberry in preventing urinary tract infections but study sizes have been too small to provide a definitive answer. Recently, an NCCAM-funded study in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that cranberry juice—given to college-aged women who just recovered from a bladder infection—did not prevent urinary tract infections from coming back.

Menopause is the permanent end of a woman's menstrual periods. Menopause can occur naturally or be caused by surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. Many women use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for menopausal symptoms.

For decades, hormone replacement therapy (HRT)—more recently known as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)—was conventional medicine's main treatment for menopausal symptoms. In 2002, findings from a large study called the Women's Health Initiative raised serious concerns about the long-term safety of MHT. These concerns are one reason that many women are turning to CAM therapies.

On February 4, 2011, NCCAM released its third strategic plan, Exploring the Science of Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Third Strategic Plan 2011–2015. The plan presents a series of goals and objectives to guide NCCAM in determining priorities for future research in complementary and alternative medicine.

For postmenopausal women with osteopenia (low bone mineral density), practicing tai chi and/or taking green tea polyphenols appears to be safe. Further, practicing tai chi by itself or in combination with green tea polyphenol supplements may improve quality of life; however, taking green tea supplements by themselves has no significant improvement in quality of life. This is according to a recent NCCAM-funded study published in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Osteopenia may precede osteoporosis, a bone disease characterized by reduced bone strength that can lead to fractures—a significant cause of disability in older people.

Drinking cranberry juice is no better than placebo for preventing the recurrence of urinary tract infections (UTIs), according to researchers at the University of Michigan. The study, supported by NCCAM and published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, was conducted among college-aged women, since they have the highest incidence of UTIs annually.

The National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM) is charged with the responsibility of advising, consulting with, and making recommendations to the Director, NCCAM, on matters relating to the research activities and functions of the Center. The role and responsibilities of the council members include secondary review of grant applications in light of NCCAM scientific program priorities and program balance.

People try many different CAM therapies in their efforts to fight colds. According to estimates based on the 2007 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), colds ranked eighth among adults and third among children as a medical condition prompting CAM use.

Although there are vaccines to prevent the flu, prescription drugs to treat it, and over-the-counter remedies that can help relieve symptoms, people may use CAM approaches—including various natural products and mind-body practices—in hopes of strengthening their resistance to flu viruses and recovering more quickly from bouts of the flu.

The placebo effect is a beneficial health outcome resulting from a person's anticipation that an intervention—pill, procedure, or injection, for example—will help them. A clinician's style in interacting with patients also may bring about a positive response that is independent of any specific treatment.

According to a recent study published in the journal PLoS One, placebos given without deception improved symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Echinacea is an herb that has traditionally been used to treat or prevent colds, flu, and other infections. According to the 2007 NHIS, echinacea was the most commonly used natural nonvitamin/nonmineral supplement among children, and the third most commonly used supplement among adults. These products vary widely, using different echinacea species, plant parts, and preparations.

The many clinical trials of echinacea for colds have also varied widely, in terms of products studied, research methodology, and study results. Recently, an NCCAM-funded study in the Annals of Internal Medicine concluded that echinacea had no effect on reducing the severity or length of the common cold.

People who are using or are considering using dietary supplements, including echinacea, should discuss this decision with their health care provider.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to use Man Up Now capsules, marketed as a dietary supplement for sexual enhancement, because they contain a variation of an active drug ingredient found in Viagra that can dangerously lower blood pressure.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) took new steps aimed at keeping consumers safe from harmful products that are marketed as dietary supplements and that contain undeclared or deceptively labeled ingredients.

Vikas P. Sukhatme, M.D., Ph.D., the Victor J. Aresty Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and Chief Academic Officer at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center will be the featured speaker for the Second Annual Stephen E. Straus Distinguished Lecture in the Science of Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Dr. Sukhatme's lecture is entitled "Promise for the Future in Yesterday's Remedies: Traditional Therapies to Modern Medicine."

People who have trouble sleeping may try dietary supplements, relaxation therapies, or other forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in an effort to fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and improve the overall quality of their sleep. Research on CAM and insomnia has produced promising results for some CAM therapies. However, evidence of effectiveness is still limited for most therapies, and additional research is needed.

Recently, a report from the Institute of Medicine, which was partially sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, set new dietary intake levels for calcium and vitamin D to maintain health and avoid risks associated with excess. The recommendations take into account published studies and statements from scientists and stakeholders.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration says Vigor-25, a product marketed as a natural dietary supplement to enhance male sexual performance, should not be purchased or used because it contains sildenafil, the active ingredient in the prescription drug Viagra.

ISSUE: Lab analysis has found Duro Extend Capsules for Men to contain Sulfoaidenafil, an analogue of Sildenafil, an FDA-approved drug used as treatment for male Erectile Dysfunction, making the product an unapproved drug. The analogue may interact with nitrates found in some prescription drugs (such as nitroglycerin) and may lower blood pressure to dangerous levels. Consumers with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease often take nitrates.

The NCCAM Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series provides overviews of the current state of research and practice involving complementary and alternative medicine practices and approaches, and explores perspectives on the emerging discipline of integrative medicine.

Date: August 9, 2010
Speaker: Claudia Witt, M.D., Professor for Complementary Medicine and Vice Director at the Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics Charite University Medical Center in Berlin, Germany
Topic: The acupuncture trials from Germany: What do they tell us about efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety?

People with cancer want to do everything they can to combat the disease, manage its symptoms, and cope with the side effects of treatment. Many turn to practices known collectively as CAM (complementary and alternative medicine)—for example, botanical (herbal) and other dietary supplements, acupuncture, massage, and yoga.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb feverfew—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Originally a plant native to the Balkan mountains of Eastern Europe, feverfew—a short bush with daisy-like flowers—now grows throughout Europe, North America, and South America.

What Feverfew Is Used For

• Feverfew has been used for centuries for fevers, headaches, stomach aches, toothaches, insect bites, infertility, and problems with menstruation and with labor during childbirth.
• Recently, feverfew has been used for migraine headaches and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Feverfew has also been used for psoriasis, allergies, asthma, tinnitus (ringing or roaring sounds in the ears), dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb fenugreek—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The first recorded use of fenugreek is described on an ancient Egyptian papyrus dated to 1500 B.C. Fenugreek seed is commonly used in cooking.

What Fenugreek Is Used For

• Historically, fenugreek was used for a variety of health conditions, including menopausal symptoms and digestive problems. It was also used for inducing childbirth.
• Today, it is used for diabetes and loss of appetite, and to stimulate milk production in breastfeeding women. It is also applied to the skin to treat inflammation.

This fact sheet provides basic information about evening primrose oil—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Evening primrose is a plant native to North America, but it grows in Europe and parts of the Southern hemisphere as well. It has yellow flowers that bloom in the evening. Evening primrose oil contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid. Essential fatty acids are required by the body for growth and development, and must be obtained from the diet.

What Evening Primrose Oil Is Used For

• Evening primrose oil has been used since the 1930s for eczema (a condition in which the skin becomes inflamed, itchy, or scaly because of allergies or other irritation).
• More recently it has been used for other conditions involving inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
• Evening primrose oil is used for conditions affecting women's health, such as breast pain associated with the menstrual cycle, menopausal symptoms, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
• Other conditions for which evening primrose oil is used include cancer and diabetes.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb European mistletoe—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. European mistletoe is a semiparasitic plant that grows on several types of trees in temperate regions worldwide. Where the term "mistletoe" is used in this fact sheet, it refers to European mistletoe. (European mistletoe is different from American mistletoe, which is used as a holiday decoration.)

What Mistletoe Is Used For

• Mistletoe has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat seizures, headaches, and other conditions.
• Mistletoe is used mainly in Europe as a treatment for cancer.

This fact sheet provides basic information about European elder—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. European elder is a tree native to Europe and parts of Asia and Africa, and it also grows in the United States. There are several different types of elder, such as American elder, but European elder is the type most often used as a supplement.

What Elderberry Is Used For

• Parts of the elder tree—such as the berries and flowers—have long been used for pain, swelling, infections, coughs, and skin conditions.
• Today, elderberry and elder flower are used for flu, colds, fevers, constipation, and sinus infections.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb ephedra—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Ephedra is an evergreen shrub-like plant native to Central Asia and Mongolia. The principal active ingredient, ephedrine, is a compound that can powerfully stimulate the nervous system and heart.

What Ephedra Is Used For

• Ephedra has been used for more than 5,000 years in China and India to treat conditions such as colds, fever, flu, headaches, asthma, wheezing, and nasal congestion.
• It has also been an ingredient in many dietary supplements used for weight loss, increased energy, and enhanced athletic performance.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb echinacea—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. There are nine known species of echinacea, all of which are native to the United States and southern Canada. The most commonly used, Echinacea purpurea, is believed to be the most potent.

What Echinacea Is Used For

• Echinacea has traditionally been used to treat or prevent colds, flu, and other infections.
• Echinacea is believed to stimulate the immune system to help fight infections.
• Less commonly, echinacea has been used for wounds and skin problems, such as acne or boils.

This fact sheet provides basic information about dandelion—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Dandelion greens are edible and are a rich source of vitamin A. Dandelion has been used in many traditional medical systems, including Native American and traditional Arabic medicine.

What Dandelion Is Used For

• Historically, dandelion was most commonly used to treat liver diseases, kidney diseases, and spleen problems. Less commonly, dandelion was used to treat digestive problems and skin conditions.
• Today, dandelion is used by some as a liver or kidney "tonic," as a diuretic, and for minor digestive problems.

This fact sheet provides basic information about cranberry—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Cranberries are the fruit of a native plant of North America. These red berries are used in foods and in herbal products.

What Cranberry Is Used For

• Historically, cranberry fruits and leaves were used for a variety of problems, such as wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.
• Recently, cranberry products have been used in the hope of preventing or treating urinary tract infections or Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infections that can lead to stomach ulcers, or to prevent dental plaque. Cranberry has also been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer activity.

The undeclared ingredient may pose a threat to the consumer because the interaction of the analogue with some prescription drugs (such as nitroglycerin) may lower blood pressure to dangerous levels. Consumers with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease often take other prescription drugs.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb chasteberry—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Chasteberry is the fruit of the chaste tree, a small shrub-like tree native to Central Asia and the Mediterranean region. The name is thought to come from a belief that the plant promoted chastity—it is reported that monks in the Middle Ages used chasteberry to decrease sexual desire.

What Chasteberry Is Used For

• Chasteberry has been used for thousands of years, mostly by women to ease menstrual problems and to stimulate the production of breast milk.
• Chasteberry is still used for menstrual problems, such as premenstrual syndrome, as well as for symptoms of menopause, some types of infertility, and acne.

This product poses a threat to consumers because Sibutramine is known to substantially increase blood pressure and/or pulse rate in some patients and may present a significant risk for patients with a history of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias or stroke.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb chamomile—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Two types of chamomile are used for health conditions: German chamomile and Roman chamomile. While the two kinds are thought to have similar effects on the body, the German variety is more commonly used in the United States and is the focus of this fact sheet.

What Chamomile Is Used For

• Chamomile has been widely used in children and adults for thousands of years for a variety of health conditions.
• The herb is often used for sleeplessness; anxiety; and gastrointestinal conditions such as upset stomach, gas, and diarrhea.
• It is used topically for skin conditions and for mouth ulcers resulting from cancer treatment.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb cats claw—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Cats claw grows wild in many countries of Central and South America, especially in the Amazon rainforest. The use of this woody vine dates back to the Inca civilization.

What Cat's Claw Is Used For

• Cat's claw has been used for centuries in South America to prevent and treat disease.
• It has been used for a variety of health conditions, including viral infections (such as herpes and HIV), Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and arthritis.
• Cat's claw has been used to support the immune system and promote kidney health, as well as to prevent and abort pregnancy.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb black cohosh—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Black cohosh, a member of the buttercup family, is a plant native to North America. It was used in Native American medicine and was a home remedy in 19th-century America.

What Black Cohosh Is Used For

• Black cohosh has a history of use for rheumatism (arthritis and muscle pain) but has been used more recently to treat hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms that can occur during menopause.
• Black cohosh has also been used for menstrual irregularities and premenstrual syndrome, and to induce labor.

A review of scientific literature suggests that there is strong evidence of beneficial health effects of tai chi and qi gong, including for bone health, cardiopulmonary fitness, balance, and quality of life. Both tai chi and qi gong (also known as qigong) have origins in China and involve physical movement, mental focus, and deep breathing. Because of the apparent similarities between tai chi and qi gong, the researchers reviewed the literature on both practices together. The review was published in the American Journal of Health Promotion.

This fact sheet provides basic information about bitter orange—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The bitter orange tree is native to eastern Africa and tropical Asia. Today, it is grown throughout the Mediterranean region and elsewhere, including California and Florida. Bitter orange oil is used in foods, cosmetics, and aromatherapy products. Bitter orange oil from the trees leaves is called petitgrain, and oil from the flowers is called neroli.

What Bitter Orange Is Used For

• Bitter orange has been used in traditional Chinese medicine and by indigenous people of the Amazon rainforest for nausea, indigestion, and constipation.
• Current uses of bitter orange are for heartburn, loss of appetite, nasal congestion, and weight loss. It is also applied to the skin for fungal infections such as ringworm and athlete's foot.

A laboratory study suggests that silymarin—an extract from the milk thistle plant—has multiple effects against the lifecycle of the hepatitis C virus. Hepatitis C is a chronic (long lasting) disease that primarily affects the liver and is often difficult to cure. The laboratory study examined the antiviral properties and mechanisms of silymarin on cultured (grown in a lab) human liver cells infected with the virus. The study, funded in part by NCCAM, was published in the journal Hepatology.

This fact sheet provides basic information about bilberry—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Bilberry is a relative of the blueberry, and its fruit is commonly used to make pies and jams. It has been used for nearly 1,000 years in traditional European medicine. Bilberry grows in North America, Europe, and northern Asia.

What Bilberry Is Used For

• Historically, bilberry fruit was used to treat diarrhea, scurvy, and other conditions.
• Today, the fruit is used to treat diarrhea, menstrual cramps, eye problems, varicose veins, venous insufficiency (a condition in which the veins do not efficiently return blood from the legs to the heart), and other circulatory problems.
• Bilberry leaf is used for entirely different conditions, including diabetes.

Fish oil, when combined with epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG—a polyphenol and antioxidant found in green tea), may affect chemical processes in the brain associated with Alzheimers disease, according to a study published in Neuroscience Letters. This study, which used an animal (mouse) model of Alzheimers disease, builds on previous research linking the disease to peptides (amino acid chains) called beta‑amyloids and laboratory studies suggesting that EGCG decreases memory problems and beta‑amyloid deposits in mice.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb astragalus—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Native to China, astragalus has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. In the United States, the herb gained popularity in the 1980s. There are actually over 2,000 species of astragalus; however, the two related species Astragalus membranaceus and Astragalus mongholicus are the ones primarily used for health purposes.

What Astragalus Is Used For

• Historically, astragalus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, usually in combination with other herbs, to support and enhance the immune system. It is still widely used in China for chronic hepatitis and as an adjunctive therapy in cancer.
• It is also used to prevent and treat common colds and upper respiratory infections.
• Astragalus has also been used for heart disease.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb Asian ginseng—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Asian ginseng is native to China and Korea and has been used in various systems of medicine for many centuries. Asian ginseng is one of several types of true ginseng (another is American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius). An herb called Siberian ginseng or eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus) is not a true ginseng.

Common Names—Asian ginseng, ginseng, Chinese ginseng, Korean ginseng, Asiatic ginseng

Latin Name—Panax ginseng

This fact sheet provides basic information about aloe vera—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Aloe veras use can be traced back 6,000 years to early Egypt, where the plant was depicted on stone carvings. Known as the "plant of immortality," aloe was presented as a burial gift to deceased pharaohs.

Common Names—aloe vera, aloe, burn plant, lily of the desert, elephants gall

Latin Names—Aloe vera, Aloe barbadensis

Nadie desea que llegue la temporada de los resfriados y la gripe. En los Estados Unidos se registran alrededor de mil millones de resfriados al año. De hecho, el resfriado común se encuentra entre las causas principales de consultas médicas y ausencias de escuela o de trabajo. Pero la gripe y sus posibles complicaciones causan aún más preocupación. Se calcula que anualmente entre el 5 y 20 por ciento de la población de los Estados Unidos es afectada por la gripe. Aunque la mayoría de la gente se recupera sin problemas, las complicaciones relacionadas con la gripe resultan en más de 200.000 hospitalizaciones y 36.000 muertes cada año.

A fin de prevenir o tratar estas enfermedades tan comunes, hay quienes buscan soluciones en la medicina complementaria y alternativa. Esta hoja informativa ofrece información básica sobre los resfriados y la gripe, al igual que la perspectiva científica acerca de algunos de estos enfoques de medicina complementaria y alternativa. Si está considerando emplear terapias de medicina complementaria y alternativa para estos malestares, esta información le ayudará a hablar con su médico sobre el tema.

On June 22, I was invited to participate on National Public Radio's The Diane Rehm Show along with Dr. Richard Davidson, NCCAM grantee at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Mr. Jonathon Foust, founder of the Mindfulness Training Institute in Washington, D.C. The topic was "The Power of Meditation."

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers that Magic Power Coffee, an instant coffee product marketed as a dietary supplement for sexual enhancement, contains an active drug ingredient that can dangerously lower blood pressure.

A physician's credentials—the licenses, certificates, and diplomas on the office walls—tell us about that person's professional qualifications to advise and treat us. We seek similar assurances when we choose a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practitioner, such as an acupuncturist, a chiropractor, or a massage therapist. This fact sheet provides a general overview of the status of CAM credentialing, summarizes licensure for selected types of CAM practitioners, and suggests sources for additional information.

Antioxidants found in green tea may help repair DNA damage caused by sun exposure, according to a recent study in mice. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage DNA and, in turn, trigger suppression of the immune system—a risk factor for developing skin cancer. The study, funded in part by NCCAM and published in the journal Cancer Prevention Research, examined the effects of polyphenols from the leaves of the green tea plant, which are thought to fight free radicals (highly unstable molecules that can damage cells) and have anticarcinogenic activity.

An extract derived from shark cartilage—AE‑941—did not improve overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, according to a study jointly funded by NCCAM and the National Cancer Institute. Shark cartilage has been reported to have antiangiogenic properties (preventing the growth of new blood vessels around tumors), and preliminary research in animals suggested that AE‑491 has antitumor activity. Findings from this study were published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Circadian rhythms are the physical, mental, and behavioral changes that occur over the course of a day, responding primarily to light and darkness in the environment. Special non-image forming cells in the eye's retina that contain melanopsin (a pigment involved in the regulation of nonvisual responses) and are sensitive to blue light are known to affect these daily rhythms. These nonvisual responses also have been noted with higher intensity light levels. Now, new research reveals that green light and the cones and rods in the retina used for vision are also involved. The research, published in Science Translational Medicine, examined how melatonin (a major hormone associated with human sleeping patterns) responds to different wavelengths of light and suggests that light therapy for sleep disorders may be optimized by stimulating both visual and nonvisual systems.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning of the potential risk of overdosing infants with liquid vitamin D.

Some liquid vitamin D supplement products on the market come with droppers that could allow parents and caregivers to accidentally give harmful amounts of the vitamin to an infant. These droppers can hold a greater amount of liquid vitamin D than an infant should receive.

Many adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease are currently using or would consider using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)—specifically mind-body therapies such as relaxation and guided imagery—to help manage their symptoms, according to a study published in the journal Inflammatory Bowel Disease. This disease is actually a group of disorders (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) that cause inflammation of the intestines. The physical and emotional problems associated with irritable bowel disease in adolescents often affect quality of life.

Some previous studies have reported associations between low magnesium consumption and the development of asthma. Now, recent research supported by NCCAM and published in the Journal of Asthma provides additional evidence that adults with mild-to-moderate asthma may benefit from taking magnesium supplements.

Recent research, funded in part by NCCAM and published in the journal Gastroenterology, has shown that an extract of the milk thistle plant may help treat hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatitis C, a liver disease caused by a virus, is usually chronic (long-lasting), with symptoms ranging from mild (or even none) to severe.

In a recent laboratory study, a fatty acid from seaweed reduced the ability of HIV‑1 viruses to enter immune system cells. The study was reported in the journal AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. Drug-resistant strains of HIV‑1 have been on the rise, prompting the need for new therapeutic agents. Previous studies have demonstrated that products derived from natural sources have the potential to inhibit HIV‑1 infection. In this laboratory study, researchers evaluated palmitic acid (from Sargassum fusiforme, a type of seaweed that grows off the coasts of Japan and China) to see if palmitic acid reduced the ability of HIV‑1 viruses to enter CD4+ T‑cells (white blood cells that are HIV‑1's main target).

Citing study results in mice, researchers at the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine reported for the first time that the form of vitamin E found primarily in food (gamma‑tocopherol) increased lung inflammation in induced asthma, while the form of vitamin E found primarily in dietary supplements (alpha‑tocopherol) reduced inflammation. The study, supported in part by NCCAM and published in the Journal of Immunology, has implications for understanding why asthma rates have increased during the last 40 years.

Transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation (TEAS), a form of acupuncture that uses skin electrodes to apply electrical stimulation at different points on the body, may help people addicted to opioid drugs, according to researchers at Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital near Boston. The study, supported in part by NCCAM and published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, also suggests that combining this technique with prescribed drugs that ease withdrawal symptoms may improve other outcomes for people addicted to opioids.

An investigation on how aromatherapy affects health failed to show any improvement in immune status, wound healing, or pain control among people exposed to two scents. But results of the randomized controlled trial, published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology, did show that lemon (considered to be a stimulant) appeared to enhance mood, while lavender (thought to be a relaxant) had no effect on mood.

A popular dietary supplement and a curry spice may affect Alzheimer's disease–related chemical processes in the brain, according to a study reported in The Journal of Neuroscience. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia in older people. This study, which used an animal (mouse) model of Alzheimer's disease, builds on previous research linking the disease to peptides (amino acid chains) called β‑amyloids and to defective insulin-processing by the brain. A particular β‑amyloid, Aβ‑42, is associated with Alzheimer's disease. There is also epidemiological evidence—type II diabetes appears to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease—to suggest a connection between insulin resistance and the disease.

Results of laboratory research are the first to indicate that extracts of the herb black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) may stimulate bone formation, according to a study published in the journal Bone. Although results from the study suggest that black cohosh may have potential implications for the prevention or treatment of postmenopausal bone loss, there is no evidence yet that this laboratory research can be extended to treatments in people.

A better understanding of the brain mechanisms behind the placebo effect may help clinicians maximize people's health beyond the power of positive thinking, according to an article published in the journal Brain. The placebo effect is a beneficial health outcome resulting from a person's anticipation that an intervention—pill, procedure, or injection, for example—will help them. A clinician's style in interacting with patients also may bring about a positive response that is independent of any specific treatment.

Add a widget/button to your Web site or to your local social network profile. Four out of 10 adults in the U.S. use some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Help spread the news that it's important for patients and health care providers to discuss the use of CAM.

According to a recent analysis of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, approximately 6 percent of U.S. adults used complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to treat their back pain during the previous year. The data from this analysis, published in the Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, also revealed that a majority (60 percent) of survey respondents who used the most common CAM therapies for back pain perceived "a great deal" of benefit.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) brings you a new issue of the newsletter Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Focus on Research and Care, at http://nccam.nih.gov/news/newsletter/2010_may/. Among the stories we are featuring:

• Natural products are the among the most popular CAM approaches used by Americans. What does the science say so far about three—fish oil, cranberry, and probiotics?
• An NCCAM staff member who specializes in medicinal uses of plants shares his perspective.
• Do antixodants help counter "free radicals" and "oxidative stress? Find out what the science says about these substances found in foods and supplements.
• One of NCCAM's first large clinical trials sheds light on health issues in older adults and on conducting research on supplements.
• Dr. Briggs discusses NCCAM's strategy for researching natural products.

In addition to this newsletter, you can subscribe to the "NCCAM Update" eBulletin, now published twice per month. To learn more about subscriptions NCCAM offers, visit http://nccam.nih.gov/news/subscribe.htm.

We appreciate your continuing interest in NCCAM.

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) extract caused laboratory cultures of colorectal cancer cells to die, indicating that the herb may have an anti-cancer effect, according to a study published in the journal Cancer Letters. Although results from the study suggest that combining ginseng with antioxidants such as vitamin C may potentially enhance this effect, there is no evidence yet that this laboratory research can be extended to treatments in people.

People with heart failure may benefit from practicing tai chi, according to research supported in part by NCCAM and published in the journal Sleep Medicine. Because patients with chronic heart failure often experience insomnia and impaired breathing during sleep—which could further impair heart function and lead to potentially dangerous heart rhythm disturbances—improving sleep and sleep breathing is an important goal.

A form of vitamin E (gamma-tocopherol) commonly found in foods may be a useful additional treatment for asthma, according to preliminary research. Because of its antioxidant properties, vitamin E has been thought to have potential therapeutic benefits for people with asthma. However, there have been discrepancies in benefits reported for dietary vs. supplemental vitamin E, possibly because the gamma-tocopherol form of the vitamin is often found in food, whereas most supplements contain another form (alpha-tocopherol).

A physicians response to a patient with low-back pain (LBP) should take into account psychological and social factors as well as physical symptoms, according to an article published in The Journal of Family Practice. The article looks at two case studies in light of evidence-based clinical guidelines developed by Roger Chou et al. for the American Pain Society and the American College of Physicians. The articles authors, whose work was funded in part by NCCAM, recommend a measured approach to the use of imaging (x-rays and MRI/CT scans) and medication.

Repeating a mantram (also known as a mantra—the practice of silently focusing on a spiritual word or phrase frequently throughout the day)—may help HIV-positive individuals develop coping skills and reduce anger, according to a study published in the International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. NCCAM-funded researchers from the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Francisco, analyzed the effects of a group-based mantram training program, based on data from a study involving 93 HIV-positive individuals.

Recent studies have shown that use of herbal dietary supplements—chamomile, echinacea, garlic, ginkgo biloba, and ginseng—by the elderly within the United States has increased substantially. Sellers, such as retail stores, Web sites, and distributors, often claim these supplements help improve memory, circulation, and other bodily functions. GAO was asked to determine (1) whether sellers of herbal dietary supplements are using deceptive or questionable marketing practices and (2) whether selected herbal dietary supplements are contaminated with harmful substances. To conduct this investigation, GAO investigated a nonrepresentative selection of 22 storefront and mail-order retailers of herbal dietary supplements. Posing as elderly consumers, GAO investigators asked sales staff (by phone and in person) at each retailer a series of questions regarding herbal dietary supplements. GAO also reviewed written marketing language used on approximately 30 retail Web sites. Claims were evaluated against recognized scientific research published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). GAO also had an accredited lab test 40 unique popular single-ingredient herbal dietary supplements for the presence of lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, organichlorine pesticides, and organophosphorous pesticides.

Researchers at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, used a roundworm that has some genetic and biochemical similarities to humans to examine complex herbal preparations thought to combat adverse effects of aging. The worms, called Caenorhabditis elegans, or C. elegans, have a brief life span (about 20 days). In an NCCAM-funded study, researchers assessed two traditional Chinese multiherbal formulas—Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan (HLXL), taken for chronic inflammatory pain (e.g., joint pain from arthritis); and Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (SQDB), taken to reduce fatigue and improve general wellness. They found that cinnamon bark, a component of both formulas, increased the worms' life span.

New findings from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study show that the herbal supplement Ginkgo biloba did not prevent heart attack, stroke, or death in a group of older adults. However, the herb may reduce the risk of developing peripheral arterial disease (also known as peripheral vascular disease), a painful and potentially life-threatening condition affecting blood circulation in the legs, arms, stomach, and kidneys.

As part of its strategic planning process, NCCAM is seeking broad input from many communities, including researchers, health care providers, CAM providers, educators, and the public.

We are currently seeking comments on two white papers that address two critical areas of NCCAM's research. Comments will be accepted through Friday, May 28, 2010

The National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM) will meet on June 3–4, 2010 in Rockville, MD. The first day of the meeting will examine the potential role of CAM in health behavior research. Current strategies to promote healthy behaviors and behavior change are often inadequate. The literature indicates that CAM approaches are widely used as part of the publics search for health and wellness, yet little is understood about their efficacy and mechanism of action. The association between CAM use and healthy behavior, models and predictors of behavior change, neural mechanisms of behavior change, and behavior change research methodology will be discussed. The discussion at this meeting will inform NCCAM as it considers a research agenda for behavior change and healthy behavior.

The second day of the meeting will include a presentation on stress and health and an update on NCCAMs strategic plan for the next five years.

Participants in a workshop sponsored by the National Institutes of Health have developed guidelines on designing and evaluating clinical research studies investigating soy, representing the first guidelines of their kind in the field of soy research. The guidelines are published in the June 2010 issue of The Journal of Nutrition.

These innovative guidelines are an important tool for increasing the consistency of study design and validity of outcomes in future clinical research on soy. NIH has supported research on soy in its many forms for a variety of outcomes.

Recent research has shown that women who practice hatha yoga (a common type of yoga involving body postures, breath control, and meditation) regularly recover from stress faster than women who are considered yoga "novices." The research, supported in part by NCCAM and published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, also showed that yoga may boost the mood of both yoga experts and novices.

An analysis of insurance records in Washington State—which requires private insurers to cover certain complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices—showed that more than a quarter of cancer patients visited CAM providers during their cancer treatment. The NCCAM-funded analysis, published in The American Journal of Managed Care, also indicated that related CAM expenditures accounted for 1 percent or less of all treatment costs.

A recent study found that Transcendental Meditation (TM) helped college students decrease psychological distress and increase coping ability. For a group of students at high risk for developing hypertension, these changes also were associated with decreases in blood pressure. This could be good news for the many students experiencing academic, financial, and social pressures that can lead to psychological distress—especially in light of evidence that college-age people with even slightly elevated blood pressure are three times more likely to develop hypertension within 30 years.

As part of its strategic planning process, NCCAM is seeking broad input from many communities, including researchers, health care providers, CAM providers, educators, and the public.

We are currently seeking comments on two white papers that address two critical areas of NCCAM's research. Comments will be accepted through Monday, May 24, 2010

• Principles Guiding CAM Natural Product Research and Development
• Better Strategies for Management of Back Pain

An estimated 46 million adults in the U.S. have been diagnosed with arthritis, according to a national survey. Common symptoms include pain, aching, stiffness, and swelling in or around the joints. Over time, a swollen joint can become severely damaged. Some kinds of arthritis can also cause problems in organs, such as the eyes or skin.

NCCAM supports studies on arthritis. Some people with arthritis may try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, including dietary supplements. If you are considering using CAM therapies, talk to your health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Clinical trial data indicate that supportive interactions with health care providers can benefit patients and may be especially helpful for people who tend to be reclusive (keep to themselves). In a trial funded in part by NCCAM and published in Social Science & Medicine, participants with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who received placebo (simulated) acupuncture had some improvement in symptoms, but those who also received support from the acupuncture practitioner experienced even greater improvement.

Witness appearing before the House Subcommittee on Labor-HHS-Education Appropriations (April 28, 2010)

Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., Director
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Mr. Chairman and Members of the Committee:

I am pleased to present the President's Fiscal Year (FY) 2011 Budget request for the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health. The FY 2011 budget includes $132,004,000, which is $3,213,000 more than the comparable FY 2010 appropriation of $128,791,000.

As a Lead Administrative Officer, you will serve as a key advisor to the senior staff. You will provide financial and budget management services by coordinating the continuous management of several Labs/Offices/Divisions and Branch budgets. You will coordinate personnel and position management services by managing associated activities, and protecting and ensuring confidentiality. You will participate in a cooperative effort to accomplish the goals of the Labs/Offices/Divisions, and the Center, by maintaining an ongoing and effective relationship with the supervisor and other NCCAM staff for the betterment of administrative systems and process. You will also manage acquisition activities and be responsible for planning, directing, and implementing the work of the Labs/Offices/Division's purchasing. In addition, you will lead an administrative team, and ensure the organization's strategic plan is integrated into the team's strategies, goals, objectives, work plans, work products and services.

As a Program Analyst, you will design and implement systems and conduct analyses for OCRA-related tasks for project oversight and monitoring for the NCCAM clinical studies portfolio. You will develop reviews of research topics that are the focus of new applications considered for funding. You will develop scientific materials to be used as background and preparatory materials for conferences, workshops, and planning group meetings. You will provide assistance for information from other NCCAM and NIH offices and outside organizations and agencies. You will work with the Director, OCRA and Health Scientist Administrators (HSAs) in the oversight of clinical project applications, grants and contracts portfolios.

Recent research, supported in part by NCCAM, suggests that the herbs black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) and red clover (Trifolium pretense) are no better than placebo in treating the hot flashes and night sweats that often accompany menopause. The findings were published in the journal Menopause.

Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine tested the herbs in women experiencing at least 35 episodes of hot flashes and night sweats per week. Although conventional menopausal hormone therapy can effectively manage these symptoms, health concerns related to such care have increased interest in alternative treatments.

Recently, I hosted two meetings with groups that represent disparate views of CAM research. These meetings have given me a renewed appreciation for the value of listening to differing voices and perspectives about the work we do.

My NCCAM colleagues and I know there are differing views of the value of doing CAM research. On one side, we have stakeholders who are staunch CAM advocates, and on the other side, we have CAM skeptics.

Each group has its own beliefs and opinions on the direction, importance, and value of the work that NCCAM funds. The advocates would like to see more research dollars supporting various CAM approaches while the skeptics see our research investment as giving undue credibility to unfeasible CAM modalities and want less research funding.

Many people take dietary supplements in an effort to be well and stay healthy. With so many dietary supplements available and so many claims made about their health benefits, how can a consumer decide what's safe and effective? This fact sheet provides a general overview of dietary supplements, discusses safety considerations, and suggests sources for additional information.

Previous research suggests that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) may be helpful for various types of chronic headaches, including cervicogenic headache (CGH), which is associated with neck pain and dysfunction. In a recent randomized controlled trial, NCCAM-funded researchers from Western States Chiropractic College and other institutions evaluated the dose (number of treatments) and relative efficacy of SMT in a group of 80 patients with chronic CGH.

As a Scientific Program Analyst, you will work closely with NCCAM staff in providing guidance, advice, and assistance for policy, program planning, and evaluation. You will serve as the focal point within the Center for the initiation and conduct of evaluations of NCCAM activities. You will be responsible for updating and revising ongoing processes to identify research accomplishments and trends in support of the program planning, analysis, and evaluation functions of the Center. You will collaborate with NCCAM staff to create analytic databases for ongoing program evaluation of crosscutting issues. You will be responsible for coordinating or conducting in-depth analyses of significant issues or subject matter areas essential to science planning and the establishment of priorities.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a problem that affects the large intestine. It can cause abdominal cramping, bloating, and a change in bowel habits. Some people with the disorder have constipation. Some have diarrhea. Some go back and forth between constipation and diarrhea. Although IBS can cause a great deal of discomfort, it does not harm the intestines.

IBS is a common disorder and happens more often in women than men. No one knows the exact cause of IBS. There is no specific test for IBS. However, your doctor may run tests to be sure you don't have other diseases. These tests may include stool sampling tests, blood tests, and x-rays. Your doctor may also do a test called a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Most people diagnosed with IBS can control their symptoms with diet, stress management, and medicine.

Most pregnant women experience low-back pain, which often is associated with sleep disturbance and can affect daily activities. Because of possible risks associated with many pain medications, pregnant women and their prenatal care providers often consider using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, such as massage and spinal manipulation, for back pain. In a recent NCCAM-funded study, researchers at the University of North Texas investigated the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on back pain during the third trimester of pregnancy.

In this exploratory trial, 144 women in weeks 28–30 of pregnancy received usual obstetrical care only, usual care plus a systematic osteopathic manipulative treatment protocol provided by an osteopathic specialist, or usual care plus a sham treatment in which the specialist applied pressure with a nonfunctional ultrasound instrument. At each of seven 30-minute weekly sessions, researchers measured back-specific functioning (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) and level of back pain (an 11-point scale). At the end of 7 weeks, back-specific functioning deteriorated significantly less in the osteopathic manipulative treatment group than in the other two groups. Average level of back pain decreased in the osteopathic manipulative treatment group, remained unchanged in the sham ultrasound group, and increased in the usual-care-only group; however, the between-group differences were not statistically significant.

The herbal dietary supplement Ginkgo biloba did not lower blood pressure (BP) or reduce the incidence of hypertension (high BP) in a large group of older men and women, according to research recently reported in the American Journal of Hypertension. Although preliminary studies in animals and humans have indicated that ginkgo might have antihypertensive effects, this research was the first to explore that possibility in a large, long-term, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The research was part of the NCCAM-funded Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study. The 3,069 GEM participants took either 120 mg of ginkgo or an identical-appearing placebo twice daily. Researchers then monitored a variety of health status measures, focusing on cognitive decline and dementia but also looking at blood pressure and other aspects of aging. Participants' median age was 79 years; median followup was 6.1 years.

Last fall, President Obama visited the National Institutes of Health to discuss the impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. During his speech, the President made a comment that strongly resonated with me:

"Breakthroughs in medical research take far more than the occasional flash of brilliance, as important as that can be. Progress takes time; it takes hard work; it can be unpredictable; it can require a willingness to take risks and going down some blind alleys occasionally—figuring out what doesn't work is sometimes as important as figuring out what does—all of this needs the support of government." [emphasis mine]

I think this concept is often lost in our eagerness to find answers that will bring help to people suffering from disease.

Chronic, long-term sleep disorders affect millions of Americans each year. These disorders and the sleep deprivation they cause can interfere with work, driving, social activities, and overall quality of life, and can have serious health implications.

In 2002 and 2007, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) asked Americans about use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Among respondents with insomnia, 4.5 percent (which translates to a total of 1.6 million U.S. adults) used some form of CAM to treat their condition—primarily biological/herbal therapies or mind-body/relaxation therapies. Most found these therapies helpful.

NCCAM supports studies on sleep disorders. Some people with sleep problems may try CAM therapies, including dietary supplements. If you are considering using CAM therapies, talk to your health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

No one looks forward to the cold and flu season. Americans catch an estimated 1 billion colds each year. In fact, the common cold is among the leading reasons for visiting a doctor and for missing school or work. The flu, with its potential complications, can be an even greater concern. Each year, an estimated 5 to 20 percent of Americans come down with the flu. Although most recover without incident, flu-related complications result in more than 200,000 hospitalizations and 36,000 deaths annually.

In an effort to prevent or treat these all-too-common illnesses, some people turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches. This fact sheet provides basic information on colds and flu, as well as "what the science says" about some of these CAM approaches. If you are considering using a CAM therapy for colds or flu, this information can help you talk to your health care provider about it.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) welcomes five new members to the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM). The council serves as the principal advisory body to NCCAM, the lead Federal agency for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research, and a component of the National Institutes of Health.

The council is composed of physicians, scientists, licensed CAM practitioners, and members of the public who contribute their time and expertise over a four-year term. Members meet three times per year, offering advice and recommendations on prioritization, conduct, and support of CAM research, including research training and communication of evidence-based health information.

Update: Due to the impending major snowstorm predicted for the mid-Atlantic region on Friday, the agenda for the February 5, 2010, meeting of the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine will be shortened.

Those who wish to provide public comments must be present at the meeting. For updates, please visit http://nccam.nih.gov/ or call 301.594.9632.

NCCAM distributes its resources among many programs and mechanisms. The Center is committed to funding the largest number of meritorious projects possible, while allowing the flexibility needed to support selected program priorities and to respond to emerging scientific opportunities.

The Center establishes general guidelines for funding based on the overall NCCAM appropriation, allowing for necessary adjustments throughout the year to reflect directives from Congress, the Department of Health and Human Services, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), as well as emerging program priorities.

President Obama released his budget for Fiscal Year 2011 on February 1. NCCAMs Congressional Justification for Fiscal Year 2011 was also released that day. The document outlines our plans and priorities, provides details of our budget, and notes our legislative history.

February is National Wise Health Consumer Month. Please take time this month to view our resources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and being an informed consumer. By being aware of issues to consider and questions to ask, you're well on your way to being a wise consumer!

Within the last month, NCCAM has published 4 new Funding Opportunity Announcements related to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). Also, there are several new NIH Notices announcing availability of funds for competitive revision applications and administrative supplements.

Emmeline Edwards, Ph.D., a specialist in neural mechanisms of complex behaviors, has been appointed director of the Division of Extramural Research at the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), a component of the National Institutes of Health.

The Division of Extramural Research develops and oversees NCCAM-funded research and research training programs. Division staff provide guidance regarding NCCAM research interests and priorities, and funding mechanisms and opportunities. The Division also coordinates research efforts with other NIH Institutes and Centers.

"We are pleased to have Dr. Edwards join in our mission to research complementary and alternative medicine using the highest possible standards," said Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., NCCAM Director. "Her background and her proven expertise in the oversight of basic and applied research will prove invaluable to NCCAM."

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is an increasing problem among older adults, causing pain, functional limitations, and reduced quality of life. The traditional Chinese practice of tai chi, with its combination of physical and mental components, seems promising for OA patients; however, scientific evidence to support its use for this purpose has been limited. To strengthen the evidence base on this topic, NCCAM-funded researchers at Tufts Medical Center recently conducted a long-term, randomized, controlled trial comparing tai chi and conventional exercise in a group of 40 adults (mean age 65) with symptomatic knee OA.

As we welcome the New Year and a new decade, I'm mindful that we have just ended NCCAM's 10th anniversary. For us, it has been a decade of growth, progress, and promise.

As we begin this new decade, we are developing our third strategic plan, which will provide guidance for our future scientific direction, priority setting, and advancement of the organization. We have gained invaluable knowledge from our first decade, which is providing the strong base from which we will continue to build. I look forward to the future as we continue our 2010 strategic planning process and beyond as we work to fulfill the scientific mission of NCCAM.

The National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM) is charged with the responsibility of advising, consulting with, and making recommendations to the Director, NCCAM, on matters relating to the research activities and functions of the Center. The role and responsibilities of the council members include secondary review of grant applications in light of NCCAM scientific program priorities and program balance.

The agenda for the upcoming February meeting is posted for your review.

For many older adults, cognitive health and performance remain stable over the course of their lifetime, with only a gradual and slight decline in short-term memory and reaction times. But for others, this normal, age-related decline in cognitive function progresses into a more serious state of cognitive impairment or into various forms of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. Such loss of cognitive function—the ability to think, learn, remember, and reason—substantially interferes with everyday function. As researchers continue to explore changes in the brain that take place possibly decades before cognitive decline and dementia symptoms appear, they also hope to discover more about the relationship between normal age-related cognitive decline and the development of cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.

The Texas Department of State Health Services is warning consumers, especially pregnant or breastfeeding women, to avoid consuming a traditional product called Nzu because of the potential health risks from high levels of lead and arsenic.

Although the herb Ginkgo biloba is widely marketed and used to improve cognitive health in aging, adequate scientific evidence of its effect on long-term cognitive functioning has been lacking. In a recent study, NCCAM-funded researchers analyzed data from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study to determine ginkgo's effect on cognitive health in older adults.

Atlas Operations, Inc. Recalls Many Sexual Enhancement Products (FDA; 12/15/2009)

Atlas Operations, Inc. and FDA notified consumers of a nationwide recall of the company's dietary supplements for sexual enhancement. These products are currently being sold as dietary supplements throughout the United States. FDA lab analyses found that the products tested from certain batches contain Sulfoaildenafil, an analogue of Sildenafil, an FDA-approved drug used as treatment for male Erectile Dysfunction (ED), making these products unapproved drugs. The active drug ingredient is not listed on the product labels.

Oh, my aching back! I am sure you have all heard this from a family member—or said it yourself.

In previous messages, I've mentioned the high use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for treating back pain. Back pain is a very common and bothersome symptom; it is a symptom that really matters and a major health burden in the United States. It is the leading cause of work-related disability and missed days of work, the fifth-most-common reason for physician visits, and a leading factor in health care costs.

Although progress has been made in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, the epidemic continues to devastate the United States and the international community with 56,300 new HIV infections each year in the U.S. and an estimated 33 million people living with HIV worldwide.

NCCAM supports studies on HIV/AIDS and related complications. Those considering using CAM therapies should talk to their health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) will celebrate a decade of rigorous research with NCCAM's 10th Anniversary Research Symposium: Exploring the Science of Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Speakers will discuss topics including natural products, mind-body medicine, and the intersection of behavioral science and integrative medicine. People have used some CAM therapies since ancient times and often with little scientific evidence.

Urinary Tract Conditions: Examining the Evidence on Cranberry and Saw Palmetto
Patients with urinary tract infections often ask health care providers about using complementary and alternative medicine to relieve symptoms or prevent recurrences.

Also Featuring: NCCAM's 1st Decade of Discovery and Achievement; An Interview With Wendy Weber, N.D., Ph.D., M.P.H.; North American Research Conference on CAM/Integrative Medicine; New Survey Details Americans' Spending on CAM; and other stories

Take our Reader Survey at http://nccam.nih.gov/news/newsletter/survey.html?nav=rss

GMP Herbal Products and FDA notified consumers and healthcare professionals of a recall of Pai You Guo, a weight loss dietary supplement, due to the presence of undeclared drug ingredients. FDA lab analyses of dietary supplements were found to contain undeclared sibutramine, an FDA-approved drug used as an appetite suppressant for weight loss; and phenolphthalein, a solution used in chemical experiments and a suspected cancer-causing agent that is not approved for marketing in the United States. The FDA has not approved the Pai You Guo products as a drug; therefore the safety and effectiveness of this product is unknown. The product is sold either in a box of 30 capsules or a bag of 10 g powder. The affected products were sold and distributed nationwide via the internet.

IDS Sports announced today that it is conducting a voluntary nationwide recall of five of the companys dietary supplement products sold under the following names: Bromodrol, Dual Action Grow Tabs, Grow Tabs, Mass Tabs, and Ripped Tabs TR.

People with pre-diabetes have higher than normal levels of blood glucose, a form of sugar the body uses for energy. Pre-diabetes, also called impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, can lead to type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Preventive measures include weight loss, behavior modification, and glucose-lowering drugs. In China and other Asian countries, Chinese herbal medicines have long been used to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes, and there is anecdotal evidence regarding efficacy for this purpose. A recent review, funded in part by NCCAM, examined related clinical trials to see whether scientific evidence supports recommending Chinese herbal medicine as a treatment option for people with pre-diabetes.

Bodybuilding.com and FDA notified healthcare professionals and patients of a nationwide and international recall of all lots and expiration dates of 65 dietary supplement products that were sold through the Company's website, www.bodybuilding.com.

FDA believes that the recalled products contain the following ingredients that are currently classified, or the FDA believes should be classified, as steroids: "Superdrol," "Madol," "Tren," "Androstenedione," and/or "Turinabol." Acute liver injury is known to be a possible harmful effect of using steroid-containing products. In addition, steroids may cause other serious long-term adverse health consequences in men, women, and children. These include shrinkage of the testes and male infertility, masculinization of women, breast enlargement in males, short stature in children, a higher predilection to misuse other drugs and alcohol, adverse effects on blood lipid levels, and increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and death.

Although acupuncture has long been used to treat pain, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The process appears to involve the brain's ability to produce opioids (pain-reducing chemicals) that bind to neurons in distinct regions of the brain, and the ability of neurons to produce receptors for these endogenous opioids—specifically, mu-opioid receptors (MORs). Recent clinical trials have indicated that both traditional (actual) and simulated (sham/placebo) acupuncture decrease pain, but other studies have suggested that the neural mechanisms involved may be different.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks of daily living. Among older people, AD is the most common cause of dementia (a decline in cognitive function that interferes with daily life and activities). However, AD is not a normal part of aging. Although treatment can slow the progression of AD and help manage its symptoms in some people, currently there is no cure for this devastating disease. Scientists are learning more every day, but right now, they still do not know what causes Alzheimer's disease.

NCCAM supports studies on Alzheimer's and diseases and conditions related to aging. In one recent NCCAM-funded study, it was found that 240 milligrams per day of the dietary supplement Ginkgo biloba was ineffective in reducing the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in older people. Those considering using CAM therapies, should talk to their health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

As we are all aware, flu season is upon us. In a typical year, approximately 5 to 20 percent of the population gets the seasonal flu and approximately 36,000 flu-related deaths are reported. This year, we are faced with not only the seasonal flu, but also the novel H1N1 flu virus. This additional virus may cause a more dangerous flu season with more people getting sick, being hospitalized and dying than during a regular flu season. Like seasonal flu, illness in people with H1N1 can vary from mild to severe.

NCCAM is now seeking stakeholder comments on three "big picture" topics:

• Mission
• Priority setting
• Information and communication

Comments will be accepted through November 19, 2009. More »

Looking for an exciting opportunity? Come join the nation's medical research agency, where we are making important medical discoveries that improve health and save lives!

If you are a knowledgeable and motivated individual, interested in joining a diverse team dedicated to exploring complementary and alternative healing practices, then consider joining the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), Office of the Director (OD), Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE). Our office is responsible for developing and coordinating science policy and program planning and evaluation for the Center. For more information about the NCCAM, visit our website at www.nccam.nih.gov.

CAM approaches have sometimes been discounted in popular press as only being helpful for "life's little miseries"—trouble falling asleep, menopausal hot flashes, memory lapses, the need to lose weight, and sexual problems. I'm sure I'm not alone in thinking that these and other "little miseries" have a tremendous impact on one's quality of life and are worth researching.

About 50 to 60 percent of women are diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) at least once during their lifetime. Many experience multiple recurrences. Cranberry juice, a popular home remedy for UTI, is often taken along with low-dose antibiotics as a preventive measure. Because little is known about the potential of cranberry juice to interact with drugs, NCCAM-funded researchers at the University of Washington studied cranberry's effects on two antibiotics frequently prescribed for UTI: amoxicillin and cefaclor.

Today, NCCAM and the National Center for Health Statistics at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released new information on Americans' spending on CAM. Even in these difficult economic times, Americans are spending almost $34 billion per year on various CAM products and visits to CAM practitioners. By any measure, this is a substantial amount of money. This number, while only 1.5 percent of total health care expenditures, represents about 11.2 percent of all out-of-pocket spending on health care in the United States.

Americans spent $33.9 billion out-of-pocket on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) over the previous 12 months, according to a 2007 government survey. CAM is a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products such as herbal supplements, meditation, chiropractic, and acupuncture that are not generally considered to be part of conventional medicine. CAM accounts for approximately 1.5 percent of total health care expenditures ($2.2 trillion) and 11.2 percent of total out-of-pocket expenditures (conventional out-of-pocket: $286.6 billion and CAM out-of-pocket: $33.9 billion) on health care in the United States.

Colloidal silver consists of tiny silver particles suspended in liquid. Usually marketed as dietary supplements, colloidal silver products have been used for a variety of health purposes—although there is no scientific evidence to support their safety or effectiveness. This fact sheet provides a general overview of colloidal silver products and suggests sources for additional information.

Key Points

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not consider colloidal silver to be safe or effective for treating any disease or condition.
• The FDA and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) have taken action against a number of colloidal silver companies (including some companies that sell products over the Internet) for making drug-like claims about their products.
• Colloidal silver can cause many side effects. One example is argyria, a bluish-gray discoloration of the body, which is not treatable or reversible.
• Tell all your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Doctors often prescribe statin drugs to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. These drugs, which interfere with the liver's production of cholesterol, are relatively safe for most people but sometimes can cause muscle problems known as statin-associated myalgia (SAM). Some patients who cannot tolerate statins because of muscle problems use the dietary supplement red yeast rice as a cholesterol-lowering alternative. In light of previous findings that red yeast rice can reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or "bad" cholesterol), researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and Thomas Jefferson University investigated the effects of this supplement in patients with high cholesterol and a history of SAM. The study was funded by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, with additional support from NCCAM.

Older adults tend to take a number of different prescription medications, and according to previous studies, they also often use dietary supplements. Because of the potential for adverse interactions between prescription drugs and dietary supplements, it is important to learn as much as possible about the real-life practices of older people—the extent to which they take both prescription drugs and dietary supplements, and what kinds of drugs and supplements are being used. NCCAM-funded researchers recently analyzed the use of prescription drugs and dietary supplements in a sample of 3,070 people aged 75 and older. The data had been gathered during the Gingko for the Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study, a clinical trial that examined the effects of Gingko biloba on the development of dementia.

Young You Corporation and FDA notified healthcare professionals and consumers that four weight loss dietary supplements sold and marketed by the firm contain an undeclared drug ingredient, Sibutramine.

Vital Pharmaceuticals Inc. and FDA notified healthcare professionals and consumers of a nationwide recall of the powdered dietary supplement, Stealth Chocolate and Stealth Vanilla, because it has the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella.

Omega-3 fatty acids are a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are important for a number of functions in the body. They are found in foods such as fatty fish and vegetable oils and are also available as dietary supplements. People take omega-3 supplements to improve their health and prevent various diseases. This fact sheet provides a general overview of omega-3 fatty acids—with a focus on dietary supplements—and suggests sources for additional information.

People who have trouble sleeping may try dietary supplements, relaxation therapies, or other forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in an effort to fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and improve the overall quality of their sleep. This fact sheet provides basic information on sleep disorders and "what the science says" about the effectiveness of CAM practices people use as sleep aids. If you are considering a CAM therapy for sleep problems, this information can help you talk with your health care provider about it.

About 47 million Americans have some form of metabolic syndromea group of conditions that increase the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and related complications. Metabolic syndrome is often characterized by abdominal obesity, impaired fasting glucose (an increase in glucose levels), elevated blood pressure, and high cholesterol and triglycerides. It is also associated with insulin resistance, a condition in which the body cannot use insulin effectively. Previous studies have suggested that chromium picolinate dietary supplements can help people with type 2 diabetes by improving insulin resistance and increasing the bodys sensitivity to insulin. However, its effects on people with a high risk for developing type 2 diabetes, especially those with metabolic syndrome, are largely unknown.

Low-Back Pain and CAM
Four out of five American adults will experience low-back pain (LBP). Many will try CAM therapies to manage their pain. Given the many choices, how can one approach making decisions about CAM use for LBP?

Also Featuring: Moving the Economyand Biomedical DiscoveryAhead; Interview: Low-Back Pain and Evidence-Based Care; First Straus Lecture: Acupuncture and Medical Paradigms; and other stories

FDA notified consumers and healthcare professionals to discontinue use of three Zicam Nasal Gel/Nasal Swab products sold over-the-counter as cold remedies because they are associated with the loss of sense of smell that may be long-lasting or permanent. The FDA has received more than 130 reports of loss of sense of smell associated with the use of the three Zicam products. In these reports, many people who experienced a loss of smell said the condition occurred with the first dose; others reported a loss of the sense of smell after multiple uses of the products. People who have experienced a loss of sense of smell or other problems after use of the affected Zicam products should contact their health care professional. The loss of sense of smell can adversely affect a persons quality of life, and can limit the ability to detect the smell of gas or smoke or other signs of danger in the environment.

Please use our link about Zicam to read more on these warnings.

Considering All Perspectives

Recently, a series of articles appeared in the media that were critical of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and how NCCAM directs taxpayer resources to study these modalities. While the articles contained several misconceptions regarding NCCAM's research, they also raised some important concerns that I share. No one likes criticism, but it is important to listen to the critics and look for any threads of truth that can help us fulfill our mission better. While the value of research on CAM interventions will probably continue to be the subject of some controversy, there are many areas of promise in CAM that need to be pursued. NCCAM is committed to this path.

Budget Request for FY 2010
Before the Senate Subcommittee on Labor-HHS-Education Appropriations

The President's Fiscal Year 2010 Budget request for the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health includes $127,241,000, which is $1,770,000 more than the comparable FY 2009 appropriation of $125,471,000.

Physical pain is a common occurrence for many Americans; in fact, a national survey found that more than one-quarter of U.S. adults had recently experienced some sort of pain lasting more than a day. In addition to conventional treatments, such as over-the-counter and prescription medications, people may try acupuncture in an effort to relieve pain. This fact sheet provides basic information about pain and acupuncture, summarizes scientific research on acupuncture for specific kinds of pain, and suggests sources for additional information.

Neck pain is a common health problem in the United States. People suffering from neck pain often turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies. Although therapeutic massage is one of the most popular CAM therapies for neck pain, little is known about its effectiveness for this condition.

This 1-day workshop will identify clinical research questions related to nonpharmacologic interventions to treat back pain. This information will help inform future research directions.

El número de sitios Web que ofrecen recursos relacionados con la salud, incluso información sobre medicina complementaria y alternativa, crece día a día. Si bien muchos sitios de Internet resultan útiles, es posible que algunos presenten información inexacta o engañosa. Al visitar un sitio por primera vez es importante evaluar si es confiable. Esta guía describe algunos aspectos que debe considerar al evaluar estas fuentes.

People suffering from chronic low back pain who received acupuncture or simulated acupuncture treatments fared better than those receiving only conventional care according to a recent study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. The study highlights central questions about the mechanisms of benefit seen in acupuncture studies.

"Because of the lack of highly effective medical treatments for chronic low back pain, we were pleased to find that acupuncture-like treatments were helpful for persons suffering from chronic back pain," said Daniel Cherkin, Ph.D. "However, the finding that real acupuncture produced no greater benefit than simulated acupuncture raises important questions about acupuncture's mechanisms of action."

Caution: Using CAM to Prevent the H1N1 Flu

Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission alerted the public to be wary of Internet sites and other promotions for CAM products that claim to diagnose, prevent, mitigate, treat, or cure the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus (swine flu). Such products have not been tested for safety and efficacy. Currently, the only approved medications for this flu virus are Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) and Relenza (zanamivir).

FDA, FTC Warn Public of Fraudulent 2009 H1N1 Influenza Products
Offending web sites and illegal activity targeted for action

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission are alerting the public to be wary of Internet sites and other promotions for products that claim to diagnose, prevent, mitigate, treat or cure the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. The agencies are also advising operators of offending web sites that they must take prompt action to correct and/or remove promotions of these fraudulent products or face enforcement action.

If you are a motivated individual with an excellent attention to detail AND you want to play a significant role in a dynamic organization, then consider joining the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), Office of Administrative Operations (OAO)! Our office provides leadership and direction for NCCAM's business and administrative operations to promote organizational growth, encourage and empower NCCAM's staff, and optimize effective management of the public's investment in CAM research.

FDA Warns Consumers to Stop Using Hydroxycut Products
Dietary Supplements Linked to One Death; Pose Risk of Liver Injury

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers to immediately stop using Hydroxycut products by Iovate Health Sciences Inc., of Oakville, Ontario and distributed by Iovate Health Sciences USA Inc. of Blasdell, N.Y. Some Hydroxycut products are associated with a number of serious liver injuries. Iovate has agreed to recall Hydroxycut products from the market.

Progressive resistance exercise training (known as PRT) can increase muscle mass and preserve physical functioning in people with HIV. In light of evidence that the dietary supplement creatine can enhance PRT-related benefits in athletes and improve muscle function in patients with muscle-wasting conditions, a recent NCCAM-funded study investigated creatine's effects on PRT results in a group of HIV-positive men. The researchers were affiliated with the University of California at San Francisco and Santa Cruz, San Francisco General Hospital, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, the University of Massachusetts, and the University of Thessaly (Greece).

The purpose of the Biomedical Research Core Centers program is to support the hiring of newly-recruited faculty to develop research projects within the context of Biomedical Core Centers. For this announcement, a Biomedical Core Center is defined as a community of multidisciplinary researchers focusing on areas of biomedical research relevant to NIH, such as centers. These awards are designed to enhance innovative programs of excellence by providing scientific and programmatic support for promising research faculty and their areas of research. Specifically for the purposes of this announcement, Core Center Grants are institutional awards that provide funding to hire, provide appropriate start-up packages, and develop pilot research projects for newly independent investigators, with the goal of augmenting and expanding the institution's community of multidisciplinary researchers focusing on areas of biomedical research relevant to NIH.

This initiative is one of several being offered by NCCAM to help fulfill the goals of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) to help stimulate the economy through support of biomedical and behavioral research. Additional information the Recovery Act and related NIH opportunities is available through the Office of Extramural Research.

For 10 years, NCCAM has been supporting research studies on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices, determining their safety and effectiveness, and reporting the findings to the medical community and to the public. In these 10 years, we have funded more than 2,200 research projects, resulting in more than 3,300 articles published in peer-reviewed medical journals.

A paper published in the April 13, 2009 Archives of Internal Medicine exposes a gap in the knowledge and application of CAM research in clinical practice. In sum, approximately one in four clinicians was aware of two major CAM clinical trials. The 1,561 clinicians surveyed included acupuncturists, naturopaths, internists, and rheumatologists.

NCCAM has posted the Center's guidelines for Grand Opportunities (GO) Grants. This new program will support projects that address large, specific biomedical and biobehavioral research endeavors that will benefit from significant 2-year funds without the expectation of continued NIH funding beyond two years. The center is also participating in an initiative that supports new faculty recruitments to biomedical core centers (P30 grant). These grants will be institutional awards that provide funding to hire, provide appropriate start-up packages, and develop pilot research projects for newly independent investigators, with the goal of augmenting and expanding the institutions community of multidisciplinary researchers focusing on areas of biomedical research relevant to NIH.

In an initial investigation of the potential for information from CAM research to influence clinical practice, a 2007 national survey asked acupuncturists, naturopaths, internists, and rheumatologists about their awareness of CAM clinical trials, their ability to interpret research results, and their use of research evidence in decisionmaking. The survey was conducted by researchers affiliated with the National Institutes of Health, the Mayo Clinic, the University of Chicago, Harvard Medical School, and the University of Massachusetts. The survey focused on awareness of two major NCCAM-funded clinical trials that studied acupuncture or glucosamine/chondroitin for osteoarthritis of the knee.

What Is Tai Chi?

Tai chi (pronounced "tie chee" and also known by some other names and spellings) is a mind-body practice that originated in China as a martial art. A person doing tai chi moves his body slowly and gently, while breathing deeply and meditating (tai chi is sometimes called "moving meditation").

What Is Qi Gong?

A component of traditional Chinese medicine that combines movement, meditation, and controlled breathing. The intent is to improve blood flow and the flow of qi.

Teleconference

April 7, 2009

1:00 P.M.1:15 P.M. EST

877-719-9799 (toll-free); Passcode: 6064250

The first 15 minutes of the teleconference will be monitored by the Premiere Conferencing Operator. People who are calling on this line just listen only when Dr. Briggs speaks. This line will be closed at 1:15 P.M. EST.

NCCAM has posted the Center's guidelines for ARRA Administrative Supplements, ARRA Competitive Revisions, and Recovery Act Funds for Summer Research Opportunities. Information about NCCAM's Challenge Grant Topics is also available.

Headaches affect millions of Americans. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, about 45 million Americans suffer from chronic headaches. Tension-type headaches (or tension headaches)—characterized by pain or discomfort from tense or constricted muscles in the head, neck, or scalp—are one of the most common forms of headaches. In most patients, tension headaches occur infrequently and can be treated with over-the-counter pain medicine. However, some people experience these headaches several days per month, or even daily, and may benefit from other treatments.

Tauopathies—a group of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease—have been linked to the build-up of "misfolded" tau proteins in the brain. (Tau proteins are associated with microtubules, which help to regulate important cellular processes.) In light of previous studies indicating that grape-derived polyphenols may inhibit protein misfolding, an NCCAM-funded research center at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine recently examined the potential role of a particular grape seed polyphenol extract (GSPE) in preventing and treating tau-associated neurodegenerative disorders.

On February 17, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act). Funds from the Recovery Act will be invested in the construction and renovation of research and educational facilities, as well as groundbreaking scientific research that will improve the health of our Nation.

We appreciate that the President and Congress have recognized both the economic and health impacts of biomedical and behavioral research.

The goals of the Recovery Act include:

1. Preserving and creating jobs


2. Promoting economic recovery


3. Increasing economic efficiency by spurring technological advances in science and health.

Welcome to Our New Newsletter

A fresh new design and content that is more focused on research and patient care.

Survey Sheds New Light on Adults'—and Children's—Use of CAM

A new national survey on Americans' use of CAM and, for the first time, data on children's use of CAM.

Also Featuring: Sorting Claims from Facts About CAM; Interview: Cognitive Disorders in Later Life; Children and CAM; Using Dietary Supplements Wisely; and other stories

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States and is a major cause of disability. About 1.2 million people will have a first or recurrent coronary attack. Each year, about 700,000 people die of heart disease. (CDC) NCCAM supports studies on heart disease. Some people at risk for heart disease may try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, including dietary supplements. An individual considering using CAM therapy, should talk to their health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Yesterday, NCCAM and the National Center for Health Statistics released the results of a survey on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the United States. The report confirms that CAM practices are a frequently used component of Americans health care regimens. Whether people use CAM for chronic health conditions or to prevent disease and maintain wellness, these approaches are a part of health care in America today.

Although acupuncture has long been used to relieve pain, scientific understanding of how acupuncture might achieve an analgesic effect is incomplete. Previous research has linked acupuncture's effects to the neuronal networks and opioid (pain response) systems of the brain. In light of these findings, NCCAM-funded researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital recently used two imaging technologies—functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET)—to investigate how specific areas of the brain might be involved in acupuncture analgesia.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects more than 2.1 million Americans. It is characterized by joint pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling, and sometimes joint destruction. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the standard treatment for RA, but their prolonged use is associated with adverse effects and discomfort. Natural plant alternatives like green tea are being investigated for the management of RA. Green tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world, and its polyphenols (substances rich in antioxidants) possess anti-inflammatory properties.

Major depression is a disorder characterized by a depressed mood and/or a loss of interest in nearly all activities consistently for at least 2 weeks. People with major depression may also experience a variety of other symptoms such as loss of appetite, fatigue, sleep disturbance, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide. Extracts from the herb St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) are used in many countries, especially Germany, to treat depression. However, results from clinical trials worldwide have been contradictory, and the effectiveness of St. John's wort for depression is still questionable. Additionally, major depression is often treated with antidepressant drugs, which have only shown modest effects over placebo in clinical trials.

Approximately 38 percent of adults in the United States aged 18 years and over and nearly 12 percent of U.S. children aged 17 years and under use some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), according to a new nationwide government survey. This survey marks the first time questions were included on children's use of CAM, which is a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products such as herbal supplements, meditation, chiropractic, and acupuncture that are not generally considered to be part of conventional medicine.

The survey, conducted as part of the 2007 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), an annual study in which tens of thousands of Americans are interviewed about their health- and illness-related experiences, was developed by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The survey included questions on 36 types of CAM therapies commonly used in the United States—10 types of provider-based therapies, such as acupuncture and chiropractic, and 26 other therapies that do not require a provider, such as herbal supplements and meditation.

"The 2007 NHIS provides the most current, comprehensive, and reliable source of information on Americans' use of CAM," said Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., director of NCCAM. "These statistics confirm that CAM practices are a frequently used component of Americans' health care regimens, and reinforce the need for rigorous research to study the safety and effectiveness of these therapies. The data also point out the need for patients and health care providers to openly discuss CAM use to ensure safe and coordinated care.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the black cohosh—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Black cohosh, a member of the buttercup family, is a plant native to North America. It was used in Native American medicine and was a home remedy in 19th-century America.

What It Is Used For

• Black cohosh has a history of use for rheumatism (arthritis and muscle pain) but has been used more recently to treat hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms that can occur during menopause.
• Black cohosh has also been used for menstrual irregularities and premenstrual syndrome, and to induce labor.

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. By killing or damaging cells of the body's immune system, HIV progressively destroys the body's ability to fight infections and certain cancers. These infections are caused by viruses or bacteria that usually do not make healthy people sick.

Many people infected with HIV or living with AIDS may be considering the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to boost their immune system; treat complications of disease; or cope with side effects of conventional medications.

In a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 240 milligrams per day of the dietary supplement Ginkgo biloba was found to be ineffective in reducing the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in older people. Researchers led by Steven T. DeKosky, M.D., conducted the trial known as the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study at four clinical sites over the course of 8 years. GEM is the largest clinical trial ever to evaluate ginkgo's effect on the occurrence of dementia.

• Press Release—summary of results of the study
• Questions and Answers—detailed background information on the study

People with advanced cancer often experience pain that causes physical and emotional distress, which leads to a decrease in functional ability and quality of life. Symptom relief is an important part of end-of-life care, and small studies have suggested that massage therapy may benefit people with advanced cancer.

In a study funded in part by NCCAM, researchers investigated the benefits of massage versus simple touch therapy (placing both hands on specific body sites) in patients with advanced cancer. This multisite study—conducted at 15 U.S. hospices in the Population-based Palliative Care Research Network—included 380 participants with advanced cancer who were experiencing moderate-to-severe pain. Participants were randomly assigned to receive six 30-minute treatment sessions of either massage or simple touch therapy over a 2-week period.

Hepatitis C, a liver disease caused by a virus, is usually chronic (long-lasting), with symptoms ranging from mild (or even none) to severe. Conventional medical treatments are available for hepatitis C; however, some people also try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, especially herbal supplements. This fact sheet provides basic information on hepatitis C, summarizes scientific research on the effectiveness and safety of selected supplements, and suggests sources for additional information.

Key Points

• No CAM treatment has yet been proven effective for treating hepatitis C or its complications.


• It is important not to replace conventional medical therapy for hepatitis C with an unproven CAM therapy.


• Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

November Is American Diabetes Month -

There are 23.6 million adults and children in the United States living with diabetes. Conventional medical treatments are available to control diabetes and its complications. However, some people also try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, including dietary supplements. An individual considering using CAM therapy, should talk to their health care providers to ensure safe and coordinated care.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. The cause of diabetes continues to be a mystery, although both genetics and environmental factors such as obesity and lack of exercise appear to play roles.

Researchers Investigate Effects of Ginkgo Biloba on Stroke-Related Brain Injury in Mice -

Previous animal studies have indicated that an extract from leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree may protect against stroke-related brain injury. However, the mechanism involved has not been fully understood. In a recent NCCAM-funded study, researchers at Johns Hopkins University investigated whether and how the ginkgo extract Egb761 alters outcomes in mice with brain injury from stroke.

Half of Surveyed Physicians Use Placebo Treatments for Patients -

Treating patients with placebos has a long, complicated, and often controversial history. Nonetheless, little is actually known about U.S. physicians' current attitudes toward and use of placebo treatments. A recent national survey of 679 physicians, funded in part by NCCAM, found that about half the physician respondents prescribed placebo treatments on a regular basis. Most (62%) said they think the practice is ethical. The surveyed physicians were internists and rheumatologists—specialties that commonly treat patients with debilitating chronic conditions.

Review of Prostate Cancer Prevention Study Shows No Benefit for Use of Selenium and Vitamin E Supplements -

Initial, independent review of study data from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and other institutes that comprise the National Institutes of Health shows that selenium and vitamin E supplements, taken either alone or together, did not prevent prostate cancer. The data also showed two concerning trends: a small but not statistically significant increase in the number of prostate cancer cases among the over 35,000 men age 50 and older in the trial taking only vitamin E and a small, but not statistically significant increase in the number of cases of adult onset diabetes in men taking only selenium. Because this is an early analysis of the data from the study, neither of these findings proves an increased risk from the supplements and both may be due to chance.

Hypnosis May Reduce Hot Flashes in Breast Cancer Survivors -

Hot flashes are a problem for many menopausal women and a common side effect of breast cancer treatment. For many breast cancer survivors, vasomotor symptoms result in discomfort, disrupted sleep, anxiety, and decreased quality of life. Hormonal (estrogen) drugs have been used to treat hot flashes, but because estrogens are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, they usually are avoided by breast cancer survivors. Since nonhormonal treatments do not work for some women and may have adverse effects, new interventions for hot flashes are needed. Previous research has indicated that hypnosis may be a promising alternative.

National Chiropractic Month, October 2008 -

Chiropractic is a health care approach that focuses on the relationship between the body's structure—mainly the spine—and its functioning. Although practitioners may use a variety of treatment approaches, they primarily perform adjustments to the spine or other parts of the body with the goal of correcting alignment problems and supporting the body's natural ability to heal itself.

New Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research Centers Target Stress-Related Illnesses, Obesity, Cancer, and Other Conditions -

The National Institutes of Health's National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has added four new Centers of Excellence for Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CERCs) to its research centers program. The new centers will add to knowledge about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches and their potential in treating and preventing diseases and conditions that are common among Americans.

In NCCAM's CERC program, highly accomplished researchers across a variety of disciplines apply cutting-edge technology to projects in CAM.

Lifestyle Changes May Affect Cell-Level Processes Related to Disease -

Disease risk, progression, and premature mortality—in many types of cancer and in cardiovascular and infectious diseases—have been linked to telomeres, which are protective DNA-protein complexes that keep cells genetically stable. The cellular enzyme telomerase is an important part of the body's maintenance system for these essential complexes. For example, a previous investigation found that increased stress among caregivers of Alzheimer's patients was associated with lower telomerase activity and telomere shortening.

In a recent pilot study funded by NCCAM and several other sponsors, researchers at the University of California-San Francisco investigated the effects of lifestyle changes on telomerase levels in 24 men with low-risk prostate cancer.

CAM at the NIH - October 2008 -

Feature Stories

• Tips for Talking with Your Health Care Provider
  Are you using—or thinking about using—complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)? If so, NCCAM provides some ideas on how to get a conversation started about CAM use when you talk to your health care providers.



• NCCAM Hosts Meditation Workshop
  Experts from a wide range of fields and disciplines who share a common interest in meditation for health purposes met to assess current scientific knowledge and identify areas of opportunity for future research.



• Meet NACCAM Member Margery Gass, M.D.
  What are some things that women can do to stay healthy at midlife and beyond? NCCAM National Advisory Council member Margery Gass, M.D., a specialist in women's health, discusses this topic.



• Happiness and Systematic Mind-Body Training
  What do monks, meditation, and music have in common? Dr. Richard Davidson discusses his work on the science of happiness and on systematic training of the mind and body.

Tips for Talking With Your Health Care Providers About CAM -

Like many Americans, you may be using or considering some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). If so, it is a good idea to talk with your health care providers about your CAM use. This fact sheet explains why and offers some tips to help you get the conversation started.

Key Points

• Tell your health care providers about all the complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.
• Be proactive. Don't wait for your health care providers to ask about your CAM use.
• When you talk with your health care providers about CAM, make the most of the conversation. Bring a list of everything you use, keep a record of the information you receive, and ask questions if something is unclear.

Dietary Supplements Glucosamine and/or Chondroitin Fare No Better than Placebo in Slowing Structural Damage of Knee Osteoarthritis -

The dietary supplements glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, together or alone, appeared to fare no better than placebo in slowing loss of cartilage in osteoarthritis of the knee, researchers from the Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) team report in the October issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism. Interpreting the study results is complicated, however, because participants taking placebo had a smaller loss of cartilage, or joint space width, than predicted. Loss of cartilage, the slippery material that cushions the joints, is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its loss is typically measured as a reduction in joint space width—the distance between the ends of bones in a joint as seen on an X-ray.

"While these results are of interest, we cannot draw definitive conclusions about the utility of glucosamine or chondroitin in reducing joint space width loss, in part because the placebo group fared better than anticipated based on prior research results," said Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), one of the study's funders. "The results of the study provide interesting insights for future research."

Operation False Cure -

The FTC today announced a new Web site about bogus cancer cures. The site — www.ftc.gov/curious — tells consumers how to spot and report bogus claims they see online, and urges people with cancer to talk to their treatment team about any products they'd like to try. The site features a video and includes a list of resources on cancer treatments from a variety of agencies within the federal government. Information is provided in English and Spanish.

The Federal Trade Commission also announced 11 law enforcement actions challenging deceptive advertising of bogus cancer cures. The FTC charged the companies with making unsupported claims that their products cured or treated one or more types of cancer. In each case, the company is charged with violating the FTC Act, which bars deceptive claims. Some complaints allege that the companies also falsely touted clinical or scientific proof for their products.

New NIH Research Initiative to Test Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms -

Clinical Trials to Target Hot Flashes, Night Sweats

Women troubled by hot flashes and night sweats during the years around menopause want safe, effective treatment options. A new research initiative from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) will establish a multisite research network to conduct clinical trials of promising treatments for the most common symptoms of the menopausal transition.

The initiative Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) is led by the National Institute on Aging in collaboration with the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the Office of Research on Womens Health, all parts of the NIH. The MsFLASH network will be coordinated by principal investigators Andrea Z. LaCroix, Ph.D., and Garnet Anderson, Ph.D., both of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. The network centers will collectively receive approximately $4.4 million each year of the initiative, which is projected to run for five years.

A Press Release from the National Institute on Aging

As I've had the opportunity to meet with many of our stakeholders over the past 6 months, I have learned a lot. I've gained a greater appreciation of the complexities of studying CAM, the challenges to conducting rigorous research, and the need for setting clear priorities for the years ahead.

The older population is growing rapidly, and the aging of the "baby boomers," born between 1946 and 1964 (and who begin turning age 65 in 2011), will accelerate this growth. Healthy Aging Month was designed to focus national attention on the positive aspects of growing older. Many older Americans use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to improve their health and maintain wellness. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) conducts and supports research on many conditions associated with aging and provides information on how to be an informed consumer.

Paying for CAM Treatment -

If you are using (or thinking about using), you may have financial questions about paying for treatment. This fact sheet answers some frequently asked questions on this topic. To find out more about any topic or resource that is mentioned.

What are some questions to ask about paying for CAM treatment?

Some questions to ask a CAM practitioner or his office staff are:

• What does the first appointment cost?
• What do followup appointments cost?
• How many appointments does someone with my condition typically need?
• Are there any additional costs (such as for tests, equipment, or supplements)?

If you have a health insurance plan, some other questions are:

• Do you accept this insurance?
• What has your experience been with coverage by this insurance company for my condition?
• Do I file the claim forms, or do you take care of that?

If it would be difficult for you to pay the full fee at each visit, you can ask:

• Could you arrange a payment plan over time?
• Do you offer a sliding-scale fee? (Sliding-scale fees are determined by people's income and ability to pay.)

The purpose of the meeting was to articulate potential goals and directions for research on the mechanisms and efficacy of meditation practices for a variety of health concerns. Experts from a range of disciplines and with a wide range of involvement in the field of meditation research were asked to critically examine the current state of science on meditation for health, and to identify existing or potential intersections and contributions from their fields to further this area of science. This group developed a set of critical questions and approaches that could better inform future research in this area.

Reiki is a healing practice that originated in Japan. Reiki practitioners place their hands lightly on or just above the person receiving treatment, with the goal of facilitating the person's own healing response. In the United States, Reiki is part of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). This fact sheet provides a general overview of Reiki and suggests sources for additional information.

• People use Reiki to promote overall health and well-being. Reiki is also used by people who are seeking relief from disease-related symptoms and the side effects of conventional medical treatments.
• Reiki has historically been practiced as a form of self-care. Increasingly, it is also provided by health care professionals in a variety of clinical settings.
• People do not need a special background to learn how to perform Reiki. Currently, training and certification for Reiki practitioners are not formally regulated.
• Scientific research is under way to learn more about how Reiki may work, its possible effects on health, and diseases and conditions for which it may be helpful.
• Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Ayurvedic medicine (also called Ayurveda) is one of the world's oldest medical systems. It originated in India and has evolved there over thousands of years. In the United States, Ayurvedic medicine is considered complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)—more specifically, a CAM whole medical system. Many therapies used in Ayurvedic medicine are also used on their own as CAM—for example, herbs, massage, and specialized diets. This fact sheet provides a general overview of Ayurvedic medicine and suggests sources for additional information.

Key Points

• The aim of Ayurvedic medicine is to integrate and balance the body, mind, and spirit. This is believed to help prevent illness and promote wellness.
• Ayurvedic medicine uses a variety of products and techniques to cleanse the body and restore balance. Some of these products may be harmful if used improperly or without the direction of a trained practitioner. For example, some herbs can cause side effects or interact with conventional medicines.
• Before using Ayurvedic treatment, ask about the practitioner's training and experience.
• Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Feature Stories

• New Campaign Encourages Open Communication About CAM
  A new campaign from NCCAM, which offers free educational materials, is encouraging dialogue between patients and their health care providers about CAM use.



• A Walk in the Botanical Research Centers "Garden"
  Visit the NIH Botanical Research Centers "garden" to find out how Russian tarragon, prunella (self-heal), borage oil, and other botanical and dietary supplement ingredients are being examined to prevent and treat diseases and conditions.



• CAM and Fibromyalgia: At a Glance
  Fibromyalgia is a condition involving pain, "tender points" on the body, and fatigue. About nine out of 10 people with this condition use CAM. What is known from science about CAM's effectiveness for fibromyalgia?

People with chronic health conditions such as fibromyalgia often turn to some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)—a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine. This fact sheet provides basic information on fibromyalgia and "what the science says" about the effectiveness of CAM practices that many people with fibromyalgia use. If you are considering a CAM therapy for fibromyalgia, this information can help you talk to your health care provider about it.

Diabetes is a chronic condition affecting millions of Americans. Conventional medical treatments are available to control diabetes and its complications. However, some people also try complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, including dietary supplements. This fact sheet provides basic information on diabetes (with a focus on type 2), summarizes scientific research on the effectiveness and safety of selected supplements that people with diabetes sometimes use, and suggests sources for additional information.

Key Points

• In general, there is not enough scientific evidence to prove that dietary supplements have substantial benefits for type 2 diabetes or its complications.
• It is very important not to replace conventional medical therapy for diabetes with an unproven CAM therapy.
• Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

According to the National Institute on Aging (NIA), Alzheimer's disease affects nearly 4.5 million Americans and is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Alzheimer's disease is an incurable disease with a slow progression beginning with mild memory loss and ending with severe brain damage and death. While no treatment is proven to stop Alzheimer's disease, some conventional drugs may limit symptoms for a short period of time in the early stages of the disease. Emerging research shows a correlation between red wine consumption and reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease-type cognitive decline. Authors of a new NCCAM-funded study in mice found that grape seed-derived polyphenolics—similar to that in red wine—significantly reduced Alzheimer's disease-type cognitive deterioration.

According to the National Institute of Mental Health at NIH, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects 3 to 5 percent of children in the United States and it is one of the most common mental disorders that develop in children. NIMH states that children with ADHD have impaired functioning in multiple settings, including home, school, and in relationships with peers. Children with chronic conditions like ADHD are reported to have higher rates of complementary and alternative medicine use and may turn to dietary and herbal supplements such as St. John's wort. However, according to authors of a new NCCAM-funded study, St. John's wort does not appear to have an impact on the symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has launched Time to Talk, an educational campaign to encourage patients—particularly those age 50 or older—and their health care providers to openly discuss the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). CAM is a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine, such as herbal supplements, meditation, naturopathy, and acupuncture.

According to a national consumer survey conducted by NCCAM and AARP, almost two-thirds of people age 50 or older are using some form of CAM, yet less than one-third of these CAM users talk about it with their providers. The NCCAM/AARP survey revealed some reasons why this doctor-patient dialogue about CAM does not occur.

I am now 4 months into this exciting and challenging new job as Director of NCCAM. In this short period, I have been given an excellent orientation to all areas of responsibility of the Center, guided by our terrific staff. I have also had the opportunity to speak with many CAM investigators, practitioners, and thought leaders, and some of our critics as well. I am learning a great deal from these various communities and perspectives. Clinicians have given me a sense of the promise that they see in the CAM approaches to health and wellness. Scientists have discussed the many challenges and knowledge gaps in conducting CAM research as well as the opportunities that are emerging from new research methods. NCCAM staff members have shared with me their expertise and experience in the complexities of oversight of our highly varied research portfolio. And CAM advocates who closely follow our progress have shared their perspective and hopes for NCCAM as well.

International Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. is conducting this recall after being informed by representatives of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that lab analysis by FDA of a sample from one lot of the product revealed that it contained a potentially harmful undeclared ingredient, hydroxyhomosildenafil. FDA asserts that this ingredient is an analog of sildenafil. Sildenafil is the active chemical ingredient of an FDA-approved drug used for Erectile Dysfunction in men to enhance sexual performance. The use of undeclared chemicals pose a threat to consumers because they may harmfully interact with nitrates found in some prescription drugs (such as nitroglycerin) and may lower blood pressure to dangerous levels. Consumers with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease often take such nitrates.

VIP Tabs are sold in retail outlets nationwide and are packaged into 2-capsule blister packs and 8-capsule bottles.

Many people take herbal supplements to boost their immune systems, treat allergy symptoms, prevent a cold—all in an effort to be well and stay healthy. There are hundreds of herbal supplements available in the grocery store or pharmacy or for sale on the Internet. And, there are many claims about their health benefits. How can a consumer decide what's safe or effective?

This booklet will give you a basic understanding of some of the most common herbs in popular dietary supplements—their historical uses, what they're used for now, the scientific evidence on their effectiveness, and side effects or cautions for you to consider.

To manage your health, you need to be an informed consumer. Learn about herbal supplements and talk with your health care provider about everything you are doing to stay well.

Low-back pain is a common condition that can be difficult to treat. Spinal manipulationThe application of controlled force to a joint, moving it beyond the normal range of motion in an effort to aid in restoring health. Manipulation may be performed as a part of other therapies or whole medical systems, including chiropractic medicine, massage, and naturopathy. is among the treatment options used by people with low-back pain in attempts to relieve pain and improve functioning. It is performed by chiropractors and other health care professionals such as physical therapists, osteopaths, and some conventional medical doctors. This fact sheet summarizes the current scientific knowledge about the effects of spinal manipulation on low-back pain.

Martin H. Goldrosen, Ph.D., was recently appointed director of the Division of Extramural Activities at the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, part of the National Institutes of Health.

In announcing Dr. Goldrosen's appointment, Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., NCCAM Director, said "The Division of Extramural Activities is crucial to NCCAM's ability to review and fund high-quality research, as well as coordinate grant management and advisory committee activities. Dr. Goldrosen's experience and his extensive research background make him well-suited for this important work for NCCAM."

Yoga is a mind–body practice in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with origins in ancient Indian philosophy. The various styles of yoga that people use for health purposes typically combine physical postures, breathing techniques, and meditation or relaxation. This Backgrounder provides a general overview of yoga and suggests sources for more information.

Yoga in its full form combines physical postures, breathing exercises, meditation, and a distinct philosophy. Yoga is intended to increase relaxation and balance the mind, body, and the spirit.

Early written descriptions of yoga are in Sanskrit, the classical language of India. The word "yoga" comes from the Sanskrit word yuj, which means "yoke or union." It is believed that this describes the union between the mind and the body. The first known text, The Yoga Sutras, was written more than 2,000 years ago, although yoga may have been practiced as early as 5,000 years ago. Yoga was originally developed as a method of discipline and attitudes to help people reach spiritual enlightenment. The Sutras outline eight limbs or foundations of yoga practice that serve as spiritual guidelines.

This 5-day series of events will highlight the science and practice of yoga. Participants will not only learn about yoga but also experience it first-hand through stretching and practice. NIH grantees as well as other local and international speakers will explore yoga practice for health. For a schedule of events and additional information visit: does.ors.od.nih.gov/fitness/yogaWeek.htm.

NCCAM provides resources and information on some health issues that affect women, such as menopause, osteoarthritis, and urinary tract infections. We also highlight some of the clinical trials related to women's health issues.

Decisions about medical care and treatment should be made in consultation with a health care provider and based on the condition and needs of each person. Discuss information on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with your health care provider before making any decisions about treatment or care. Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

I am pleased to present the President's Fiscal Year (FY) budget request for the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health. The FY 2009 budget includes $121,695,000, which is $118,000 more than the comparable FY 2008 appropriation of $121,577,000.

The public's concept of health is broader than preventing and treating disease. Increasingly, Americans are using strategies that they can employ themselves to improve their health, maintain wellness, and improve quality of life. As part of this participatory approach to health, millions of people are using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Many of the leading U.S. medical institutions now offer integrative medicine services. These programs include personalized CAM interventions such as yoga, meditation, massage, and acupuncture. However, we know relatively little about the true potential of CAM to improve health and well being or to preempt disease, or about how best to use most CAM modalities. We also need to understand how CAM practices interact with other therapies and whether they are safe.

Given this consumer-driven call for better approaches to improved health and wellness, the medical research community has begun to explore promising CAM approaches and develop the scientific evidence base for CAM modalities that can be integrated as part of comprehensive health care. Using proven scientific methods and rigorous standards, NCCAM is building the research enterprise and the evidence base to better understand CAM. Through scientific investigation, research training programs, and outreach activities, NCCAM's efforts will support the rational integration of proven CAM approaches with conventional medicine.

Magnets have been used for health purposes for centuries. Static, or permanent, magnets are widely marketed for pain control and are considered part of complementary and alternative medicine. This fact sheet provides an overview of static magnets and summarizes current scientific knowledge about their effects on pain.

FDA has long regarded dietary supplements containing ephedra as potential health hazards because this botanical contains ephedrine alkaloids. Ephedrine alkaloids are adrenaline-like stimulants that can have potentially dangerous effects on the heart. Recent studies have confirmed that ephedrine alkaloids raise blood pressure and otherwise stress the circulatory system, effects that are linked to adverse health effects like heart attacks and strokes. Based on this and other evidence in the scientific literature, FDA issued a rule in February 2004 prohibiting the sale of dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids because they present an unreasonable risk of illness or injury. The company is recalling nine products that contain ephedra, a source of ephedrine alkaloids.

NCCAM has a new director, Josephine L. Briggs, M.D. Meet this accomplished researcher and physician, and hear her foremost goal for the upcoming months.

It's been 10 years since a groundbreaking NIH conference on acupuncture. What has happened in acupuncture research since then? Where should the field go from here? A recent conference explored these questions.

The last thing people need when they are under stress is to get a cold—yet that's what often happens. Is there a scientific connection? A member of NCCAM's Advisory Council talks about some of his work in this area.

Researchers have found that a medical encounter may produce its own placebo effects that can bring about significant symptom improvement. The part of the encounter that plays the greatest role in the placebo effect appears to be the physician-patient relationship. In theory, the placebo effect of a medical encounter can be divided into the response to three main components: 1) the assessment and observation, 2) placebo treatment, and 3) patient-physician relationship. This study verified this theory and examined these components of the placebo effect.

Brain Awareness Week is an international effort to advance public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine is actively involved in brain research, including research on mind-body medicine. Innovative use of imaging technology allows researchers to study the effects of specific CAM therapies on the brain. You can find out more about NCCAM's brain research efforts here.

Overall, in a pilot study of a ginkgo biloba extract for delaying the onset of dementia in the elderly, researchers did not find a reduction in progression to dementia in those using ginkgo versus those using placebo. However, when the researchers took into account participants' adherence to taking the compound, the group that took ginkgo did appear to have a reduced risk of progression and a smaller decline in memory.

A review of seven clinical trials of acupuncture given with embryo transfer in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) suggests that acupuncture may improve rates of pregnancy. An estimated 10 to 15 percent of couples experience reproductive difficulty and seek specialist fertility treatments, such as IVF.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and is a major cause of disability. NCCAM has funded many basic and clinical studies related to heart disease. To ensure safe and coordinated care, people should talk to their health care providers about any CAM therapy that they are currently using or considering.

This fact sheet answers some frequently asked questions about St. John's wort and depression, and summarizes what the science says about its effectiveness and the research being done.

This Backgrounder will provide an introduction to acupuncture as well as resources for more information. Acupuncture is among the oldest healing practices in the world. As part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), acupuncture aims to restore and maintain health through the stimulation of specific points on the body.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) welcomes six new members to the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. The Council serves as the principal advisory body to NCCAM, the lead Federal agency for complementary and alternative medicine research and a component of the National Institutes of Health.

This fact sheet will provide information on menopausal symptoms and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) based on findings from a 2005 National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science conference on the management of menopause-related symptoms, as well as resources for more information.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the Chiropractic health care approach that focuses on the relationship between the body's structure-mainly the spine-and its functioning.

The posted table lists research and training grants funded for both new and ongoing research by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine during Fiscal Year 2007. The list includes the grant number, project title (linked to abstracts on CRISP), principal investigator, institution, and state.

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director, Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D., today named Josephine P. Briggs, M.D., to be the director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). An accomplished researcher and physician, Dr. Briggs brings a focus on translational research to the study of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to help build a fuller understanding of the usefulness and safety of CAM practices.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), will conduct a 3-day grantsmanship workshop. This workshop will provide researchers, fellows, and graduate students with an in-depth understanding of the NIH grants and review processes, clarify Federal regulations and policies, and highlight areas of special interest and concern.

Emphasis will be placed on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research. The workshop will include time to interact and discuss research ideas with NCCAM staff. Due to limited space, attendees will be selected through an application process.

International Team Studies South African Plant for HIV/AIDS
Could a plant that is unique to South Africa, and used as a traditional medicine there, be helpful to people with HIV/AIDS? A research team on two continents is working to find out.

Also Featuring: Meet NACCAM Member Carlo Calabrese, M.D., M.P.H.; Low Back Pain: NACCAM Symposium; First Transagency Fellow in Cancer CAM

If you are an exceptionally talented, knowledgeable and motivated individual with excellent knowledge of NIH training and career development programs; have scientific expertise in basic or clinical research that you wish to apply toward advancing the mission of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), and ability to work as a member of and provide leadership for a team, within and across groups and organizations, AND you want to play a significant role in a dynamic organization, then consider joining NCCAM's Division of Extramural Research! The Division develops and oversees NCCAM-funded research and research training programs conducted across the country and around the world.

The deadline for applications is Friday, January 11, 2008.

After January 8, the "error correction window" for NIH eSubmission will be the two business days (Mon.–Fri., excluding Federal holidays) that follow the receipt deadline of the Funding Opportunity Announcement.

Many people infected with HIV or living with AIDS may be considering the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to boost their immune system; treat complications of disease; or cope with side effects of conventional medications. This information may be of interest.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration requested a recall of True Man Sexual Energy Nutrient Capsules and Energy Max Energy Supplement Men's Formula Capsules, illegal drug products that contain potentially harmful, undeclared ingredients.

This fact sheet provides basic information about noni—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Noni is an evergreen shrub or small tree that grows throughout the tropical regions of the Pacific Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Australia and especially in Polynesia.

This fact sheet provides basic information about soy—uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Soy, a plant in the pea family, has been common in Asian diets for thousands of years. It is found in modern American diets as a food or food additive. Soybeans, the high-protein seeds of the soy plant, contain isoflavones-compounds similar to the female hormone estrogen. This fact sheet highlights what is known about soy when used by adults for health purposes.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb thunder god vine—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Thunder god vine has been used in China for health purposes for more than 400 years.

Nearly 21 million adults and children in the United States are living with diabetes. Some people with diabetes may be considering the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to either treat their diabetes or its complications. This information may be of interest.

With millions of Americans including complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in their health care, and as CAM therapies become increasingly available as a result of consumer demand, it is critical that conventional health care professionals be familiar with the most commonly used forms of CAM. The October 2007 issue of the journal Academic Medicine, published by the American Association of Medical Colleges, highlights the results of 15 Education Project Grants funded by NCCAM.

The Image Gallery contains high quality digital photographs available from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM).

While there are no proven CAM treatments for cancer, CAM may be useful to relieve the side effects of treatment and to improve quality of life. NCCAM has a number of resources available for breast cancer patients considering complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
Please visit our site to learn more.

Hoodia is a flowering, cactus-like plant native to the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa. Today, hoodia is marketed as an appetite suppressant for weight loss. This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb hoodia—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

Today, elderberry and elder flower are used for flu, colds, fevers, constipation, and sinus infections. This fact sheet provides basic information about European elder—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

Two types of chamomile are used for health conditions: German chamomile and Roman chamomile. This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb chamomile—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

The bitter orange tree is native to eastern Africa and tropical Asia. Today, it is grown throughout the Mediterranean region and elsewhere, including California and Florida. Bitter orange oil is used in foods, cosmetics, and aromatherapyA therapy in which the scent of essential oils from flowers, herbs, and trees is inhaled to promote health and well-being. products. This fact sheet provides basic information about bitter orange—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

The FDA is warning consumers not to buy or eat three red yeast rice products promoted and sold on Web sites.

On June 22, Ruth L. Kirschstein, M.D., Acting Director NCCAM, presented the President's Fiscal Year (FY) 2008 budget request of $121,699,000 for the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine NCCAM) to the Senate Subcommittee on Labor-HHS-Education Appropriations.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today announced a final rule establishing regulations to require current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) for dietary supplements. The rule ensures that dietary supplements are produced in a quality manner, do not contain contaminants or impurities, and are accurately labeled.

"This rule helps to ensure the quality of dietary supplements so that consumers can be confident that the products they purchase contain what is on the label," said Commissioner of Food and Drugs Andrew C. von Eschenbach, M.D. "In addition, as a result of recent amendments to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, by the end of the year, industry will be required to report all serious dietary supplement related adverse events to FDA."

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine. As with adults, a wide range of CAM therapies are used in children, including herbs and dietary supplements, massage, acupuncture, chiropractic care, naturopathy, and homeopathy. This fact sheet includes issues to consider and resources for more information when making decisions about CAM use and children.

Native to China, astragalus has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. In the United States, the herb gained popularity in the 1980s. This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb's common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

NCCAM's Centers of Excellence: Focusing on the Big—and (Very) Small—Picture

What do Chinese herbal formulas, mindfulness meditation, electromagnetic beams, and the supplements alpha-lipoic acid and gamma tocopherol have in common? They are among CAM treatments being studied in depth at eight NCCAM-supported research centers.

In Memoriam: Stephen E. Straus, M.D.

Stephen E. Straus, M.D., founding Director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), died of brain cancer on May 14, 2007. He was 60.

Stephen E. Straus, M.D., 60, the first director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), died of brain cancer May 14, 2007, at his home in Potomac, Maryland.

"As NCCAM's first Director, Dr. Straus articulated an uncompromising and compelling agenda for scientific research and research training that engendered broad interest and collaboration," noted Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D., Director of the National Institutes of Health. "His success stemmed from the fact that he understood that the commitment to help patients had to be constantly evolving in order to meet their needs. The NIH has lost a great leader and an outstanding scientist. Most of all, we have lost a dear friend."

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has established an Integrative Medicine Consult Service at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, the world's largest hospital devoted to research. This service will provide physicians, nurses, and other members of the Clinical Center health care team the ability to discuss complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies with knowledgeable medical staff from the consult service and learn how various CAM practices might complement or interact with a patient's care as a research participant at the Clinical Center.

Nearly 1 in 3 American adults has high blood pressure, or hypertension. If it is not found and treated, the condition can cause major health problems such as stroke, heart disease, eye problems, or kidney failure. Your doctor can tell you how to prevent and control high blood pressure. NCCAM is studying complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for this condition—such as mindfulness-based stress reduction. Be sure to tell your doctor about any CAM therapies you are considering, including herbal or dietary supplements. Ask your health care providers about its safety, effectiveness, and possible interactions with medications (both prescription and nonprescription).

Naturopathy, also called naturopathic medicine, is a whole medical system—one of the systems of healing and beliefs that have evolved over time in different cultures and parts of the world. Naturopathy is rooted in health care approaches that were popular in Europe, especially in Germany, in the 19th century, but it also includes therapies (both ancient and modern) from other traditions. In naturopathy, the emphasis is on supporting health rather than combating disease.

As many as 20 percent of the adult population, or one in five Americans, has symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), making it one of the most common disorders diagnosed by doctors. In an effort to bring attention to the symptoms and difficulties associated with the disorder, April has been designated as IBS Awareness Month.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine conducts and supports research on many types of diseases and disorders, including IBS. Researchers are studying the effects of acupuncture and the placebo effect on pain caused by IBS. The results have not been published yet.

This fact sheet provides basic information about grape seed extract—uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The grape seeds used to produce this extract are generally obtained from wine manufacturers.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb lavender—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Lavender is native to the Mediterranean region. It was used in ancient Egypt as part of the process for mummifying bodies. Lavender's use as a bath additive originated in Persia, Greece, and Rome. The herb's name comes from the Latin lavare, which means "to wash."

The very low carbohydrate diet known as the Atkins diet may contribute to greater weight loss than higher carbohydrate plans without negative effects such as increased cholesterol. Christopher Gardner, Ph.D., and colleagues at Stanford University conducted an NCCAM-funded study of 311 pre-menopausal women, all of whom were overweight or obese. Each woman was randomly assigned to one of four diets.

Brain Awareness Week is an international effort to advance public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb turmeric—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Turmeric, a shrub related to ginger, is grown throughout India, other parts of Asia, and Africa. Known for its warm, bitter taste and golden color, turmeric is commonly used in fabric dyes and foods such as curry powders, mustards, and cheeses. It should not be confused with Javanese turmeric.

This fact sheet provides basic information about peppermint oil—uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The herb peppermint, a cross between two types of mint (water mint and spearmint), grows throughout Europe and North America. Peppermint is often used to flavor foods, and the leaves can be used fresh or dried in teas.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb fenugreek—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The first recorded use of fenugreek is described on an ancient Egyptian papyrus dated to 1500 B.C. Fenugreek seed is commonly used in cooking.

This position is located in the Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE), National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). NCCAM is dedicated to exploring complementary and alternative healing practices in the context of rigorous science, training complementary and alternative medicine researchers, and disseminating authoritative information to the public and professionals. OPPE is responsible for the science policy, programmatic analyses, program planning, and legislative liaison activities of the Center.

There is much to be done to understand the safety and efficacy of the myriad of CAM therapies used by Americans each year. The NCCAM Director is the leader of the Nation's primary organization for exploring complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices in the context of rigorous science, training CAM researchers, and disseminating information to the public and professionals. The incumbent will have the opportunity to build upon a foundation of research that encompasses basic to clinical studies; to attract leading researchers from academic medicine to bring state of the art approaches to studying CAM; and to build a research infrastructure within the CAM community. The incumbent will chart a course for the future of CAM research that will, ultimately, facilitate the integration of proven CAM approaches with conventional health care.

Feature stories:

Survey: Older Americans' Discussion of CAM with Doctors
Findings from a new survey, conducted by AARP in collaboration with NCCAM, on older Americans' use of CAM and their discussions of CAM with their physicians.

Thinking About CAM Therapies for Young People
Can CAM therapies be helpful to children? Are they safe? Here are some general points to consider in addressing these questions.

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb yohimbe—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. The yohimbe tree is a tall evergreen that is native to western Africa. The bark of the tree contains a chemical called yohimbine. The amount of yohimbine in dietary supplements may vary; some yohimbe products have been found to contain very little yohimbine. However, a standardized form of yohimbine—yohimbine hydrochloride—is available as a prescription medicine that has been studied and used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

NCCAM is involved in research related to heart health…

Clinical Trials

Chelation Therapy Study—A large national study of an alternative treatment— chelation therapy and vitamin therapy—for people with heart disease

Examples of Recently Published Studies:

Transcendental meditation and quality of life of African Americans with congestive heart failure
Tea consumption and risk of ventricular arrhythmias among patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction

Do Americans age 50 and older discuss the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with their physicians? In spring 2006, AARP and NCCAM partnered on a survey to help answer this question. The consumer survey found that among the 1,559 adults surveyed age 50+ nearly two out of three reported using some form of CAM, yet only one in three of those who have used CAM said they have discussed it with their physicians.

Probiotics are live microorganisms (in most cases, bacteria) that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the human gut. They are also called "friendly bacteria" or "good bacteria." Probiotics are available to consumers mainly in the form of dietary supplements and foods. They can be used as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)

An NCCAM-funded trial found that women who used self-hypnosis during a type of core needle breast biopsy experienced anxiety relief and reduced pain when compared with standard care.

A large core needle breast biopsy is usually an outpatient procedure that limits the use of anesthetic. Women having this procedure often experience anxiety because of the possibility of a cancer diagnosis in addition to the anxiety that patients typically experience during a medical procedure.

The draft agenda is available for the twenty-sixth NACCAM meeting, scheduled for February 2, 2007. NACCAM is charged with the responsibility of advising, consulting with, and making recommendations to the Director, NCCAM, on matters relating to the research activities and functions of the Center. The role and responsibilities of the council members include secondary review of grant applications in light of NCCAM scientific program priorities and program balance.

NCCAM has published eight new Herbs at a Glance fact sheets: Aloe Vera, Cat's Claw, Chasteberry, Ephedra, Evening Primrose Oil, Feverfew, Goldenseal, and Hawthorn. Herbs at a Glance is a series of fact sheets that provides basic information about specific herbs or botanicals—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information.

The herbal supplement black cohosh, whether used alone or with other botanicals, did not relieve hot flashes in women in the Herbal Alternatives (HALT) for Menopause Study. HALT, co-funded by NCCAM and the National Institute on Aging, did find that women using menopausal hormone therapy received significant relief from their hot flashes and night sweats.

This lists research and training grants funded for both new and ongoing research by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine during Fiscal Year 2006. The list includes the grant number, project title (linked to abstracts on CRISP), principal investigator, institution, and state.

Stephen E. Straus, M.D., first Director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), stepped down from his position on November 7, 2006, for health reasons. Dr. Straus plans to continue his scientific work at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as Senior Advisor to the NIH Director.

Tools That Are Transforming Discovery in CAM The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the nation's medical research agency—making important medical discoveries that improve health and save lives. NIH-supported scientists study ways to prevent disease, as well as the causes, treatments, and cures for common and rare diseases. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), as a part of NIH, shares in these goals.

If you are using (or thinking about using) complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), you may have financial questions about paying for treatment. This fact sheet answers some frequently asked questions on this topic.

On November 7, 2006, Stephen E. Straus M.D., Director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), stepped down from his leadership of the Center for health reasons. Straus will become Senior Advisor to National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) today announced a prestigious career development award designed to diminish the barriers that prevent complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) clinicians from exploring a career in research. NCCAM, a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), created this award in partnership with The Bernard Osher Foundation through a grant to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health.

This workshop will review the state of the science supporting clinical applications of probiotics in promoting and sustaining health and in the management of disease conditions. It will also explore how the current regulatory status of probiotics, which are marketed mostly as foods and dietary supplements in the United States, impacts the clinical evaluation of probiotics. Limitations and gaps in the current body of evidence, as well as scientific and regulatory hurdles, will be identified and recommendations will be provided regarding areas in need of future support. NIH is one of the cosponsors of the workshop.

Ram Sasisekharan, Ph.D.
Professor of Biological Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
October 25, 2006 at 11 a.m.


Complex carbohydrates called glycans coat the surface of every cell in our bodies, but only recently have scientists been able to probe the structure of these compounds to understand their biological function and how they might be used to prevent or arrest disease. Dr. Ram Sasisekharan and his multidisciplinary team of researchers at MIT have developed a technique for rapidly sequencing these glycans, revealing their structure for the first time. They have discovered that glycans play a key role in the communications between cells that cause cells to divide, migrate and die. Dr. Sasisekharan and his team are pursuing ways to use glycans for diagnostic purposes and to develop alternative carbohydrate-based therapies for a variety of diseases including cancer. Ginseng, heparin and chondroitin have been the focus of recent studies. Please plan to attend and learn more about this new and promising area of research.

The Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health announces the release of the 2005 issue of the Annual Bibliography of Significant Advances in Dietary Supplement Research. This seventh issue of the Bibliography includes abstracts of 25 noteworthy dietary supplement research papers published in 2005, as judged by an international team of reviewers.

A recent analysis of national survey data reveals that over 1.6 million American adults use some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to treat insomnia or trouble sleeping according to scientists at the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), part of the National Institutes of Health. The data came from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Massage therapy is a practice that dates back thousands of years. There are many types of massage therapy; all involve manipulating the muscles and other soft tissues of the body. In the United States, massage therapy is sometimes part of conventional medicine

International Research Conference Highlights Progress, New Directions
In May, more than 600 people from 22 countries gathered at the 2006 North American Research Conference on Complementary and Integrative Medicine. Read about the research findings and perspectives shared on the rich diversity of CAM and integrative medicine.

Getting To Know "Friendly Bacteria"
Probiotics, also known as "friendly bacteria" or "good bacteria," are found in certain foods and supplements. Find out more about these products and the evidence on their health benefits.

The public is welcome to attend the open session of the upcoming meeting of the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM). The meeting will be held in Rockville, Maryland on September 8, 2006

International Health Program Specialist-NCCAM

Deadline: August 22, 2006

This fact sheet provides basic information about the herb red clover—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Like peas and beans, red clover belongs to the family of plants called legumes. Red clover contains phytoestrogens—compounds similar to the female hormone estrogen.

This fact sheet provides basic information about licorice root—common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. Most licorice is grown in Greece, Turkey, and Asia. Licorice contains a compound called glycyrrhizin (or glycyrrhizic acid).

Licorice root has been used as a dietary supplement for stomach ulcers, bronchitis, and sore throat, as well as infections caused by viruses, such as hepatitis.

The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers and health care providers not to use a product called "bismacine," also known as chromacine. The FDA is investigating one report of a death and several reports of injury related to the administration of bismacine.

FDA Warns Consumers About Dangerous Ingredients in "Dietary Supplements" Promoted for Sexual Enhancement

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers not to purchase or consume Zimaxx, Libidus, Neophase, Nasutra, Vigor-25, Actra-Rx, or 4EVERON. These products are promoted and sold on web sites as "dietary supplements" for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) and enhancing sexual performance, but they are in fact illegal drugs that contain potentially harmful undeclared ingredients. These products have not been approved by FDA, and there is no guarantee of their safety and effectiveness, or of the purity of their ingredients.

FDA advises consumers who have used any of these products to discontinue use and to consult their health care provider. FDA encourages anyone experiencing ED to seek guidance from a health care provider before purchasing a product to treat this medical condition.

"These products threaten the public health because they contain undeclared chemicals that are similar or identical to the active ingredients used in several FDA-approved prescription drug products. This risk is even more serious because consumers may not know that these ingredients can interact with medications and dangerously lower their blood pressure," said Dr. Steven Galson, Director of FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.

NOT-OD-06-078 : Grants.gov and NIH/AHRQ recently have made changes to the standard SF424 (R&R) and agency-specific PHS 398 electronic form components used for the electronic submission of grant applications. The forms changes provide greater consistency between forms and align the forms with current policy.

Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate Study Results Announced Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are two popular CAM therapies for arthritis. Read about the results of one of NCCAM's largest studies, on the use of these supplements to treat the pain of knee osteoarthritis.

The Irresistible Treat That Might Help Resistance Many people enjoy dark chocolate for its taste. Could it have health benefits, too, for insulin resistance—a silent condition that increases one's chances of developing diabetes and heart disease?

NCCAM will hold a conference call on Thursday, July 6, 2006, from 2 to 3 pm ET to clarify issues specific to multi-PI applications submitted in response to the Developmental Centers for Research on CAM (DCRC) initiatives. During the call, NCCAM staff will review relevant forms and issues and answer applicants' questions.

Please register for the call by sending an e-mail to nccamdcrcinfo@mail.nih.gov. We will send you a call-in phone number and passcode to confirm.

Heather G. Miller, Ph.D., M.F.S., was selected as Director for the Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation within the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dr. Miller will serve as senior advisor to NCCAM's director on science, science policy, and other strategic issues, as well as oversee the planning, evaluation, and reporting activities for the Center.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) welcomes five new members to the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NACCAM). The Council serves as the principal advisory body to NCCAM, a component of the National Institutes of Health within the Department of Health and Human Services.

The Council, which meets three times a year, is composed of physicians, scientists, licensed alternative and complementary medicine practitioners, and representatives of the public who contribute their time and expertise over a 4-year term. Council members offer advice and recommendations on the prioritization, conduct, and support of complementary and alternative medicine research, including research training and disseminating health information derived from NCCAM's research.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) seeks an accomplished, innovative neuroscientist and clinician to fill three pivotal roles: as Scientific Director and Clinical Director of its Intramural Research Program (IRP) and as Senior Investigator responsible for developing a new research program in mind-body medicine. This individual will report to the NCCAM Director and will be a member of the NCCAM leadership.

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine is seeking a Senior Grants Management specialist to serve as a resource to staff associated with grants management related issues. NCCAM is dedicated to exploring complementary and alternative healing practices in the context of rigorous science, training complementary and alternative medicine researchers, and disseminating authoritative information to the public and professionals.

Tai chi (pronounced "tie chee" and also known by some other names and spellings) is a mind-body practice that originated in China as a martial art. A person doing tai chi moves his body slowly and gently, while breathing deeply and meditating (tai chi is sometimes called "moving meditation"). Many practitioners believe that tai chi helps the flow throughout the body of a proposed vital energy called qi (pronounced "chee," it means "air," "puff," or "power"). In the United States, tai chi for health purposes is part of complementary and alternative medicine, or CAM. This Backgrounder provides a general overview of tai chi and suggests some resources you can use to find more information.